简介：Inthispaper,wedescribetheestimationoflow-altituderefractivitystructurefromsimulationandrealground-basedGPSdelays.Theverticalstructureoftherefractiveenvironmentismodeledusingthreeparameters,i.e.,ductheight,ductthickness,andductslope.Therefractivitymodelisimplementedwithaprioriconstraintsontheductheight,thickness,andstrength,whichmightbederivedfromsoundingsornumericalweather-predictionmodels.Araypropagationmodelmapstherefractivitystructureintoareplicafield.Replicafieldsarecomparedwiththesimulationobserveddatausingasquarederrorobjectivefunction.Aglobalsearchforthethreeenvironmentalparametersisperformedusingageneticalgorithm.Theinversionisassessedbycomparingtherefractivityprofilesfromtheradiosondestothoseestimated.Thistechniquecouldprovidenear-real-timeestimationoftheductingeffect.Theresultssuggestthatground-basedGPSprovidessignificantatmosphericrefractivityinformation,despitecertainfundamentallimitationsofground-basedmeasurements.Radiosondesaretypicallylaunchedjustafewtimesdaily.Consequently,estimatesoftemporallyandspatiallyvaryingrefractivitythatassimilateGPSdelayscouldsubstantiallyimproveover-estimatescausedbyusingradiosondedataalone.

简介：针对飞行器高动态飞行环境，对GPS应用的几点关键问题进行了分析和研究，并且利用仿真建模平台对研究结果进行仿真验证。首先根据再入航天器飞行高度高、速度快、飞行距离远等特点，对GPS定位方式进行选择。采用了伪距单点绝对定位方法进行定位，硬件要求简单、效费比高，能达到预期的精度，由此对伪距单点定位测速方法进行了介绍。接着结合载体高速运动的特性，在分析了通常的电离层余弦修正模式和介绍电离层的基本特性与描述的基础上，提出了动态修正的定位方法。该方法是以Bent电离层模型为基础，