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简介：AbstractObjective:This survey was designed to understand the misconceptions about labor epidurals.Methods:This voluntary and anonymous online survey on wenjuan.com was conducted from September 1st, 2015 to January 1st, 2016 via mainly WeChat groups dedicated to perinatal healthcare providers in China. The questionnaire included items inquiring the knowledge and opinions about labor epidural analgesia related to maternal complications, baby safety, and effect on laboring. Incomplete surveys were excluded from the data analysis. The data was presented as percentages and a Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test, as appreciate, was used to quantitatively compare the results.Results:A total of 1412 respondents completed surveys with 42.9% (606/1412) of them being anesthesiologists, 35.1% (495/1412) being obstetricians, 11.8% (167/1412) being midwives, 3.7% (52/1412) being labor and delivery nurses, and 6.5% (92/1412) being hospital administrators and unspecified. The study revealed a lack of knowledge in labor pain control. Although 82.4% (1164/1412) of respondents were familiar with labor epidural analgesia, 8.9% (126/1412) did not know how it works, and 1.1% (15/1412) never heard it in a multiple-choice question. The three main groups (anesthesiologists, obstetricians, and midwives/labor and delivery nurses) were chosen for comparisons. Opinions among these three groups concerning five questions in the three main concerns were evaluated using a statistical significance of P<0.05.Conclusion:The results in our survey indicated an urgent need of continuing medical education to multidisciplinary specialties to improve evidence-based medical practices as these misconceptions have existed for over 10 years in the medical professionals. Lack of public awareness fueled by misconceptions related to labor epidural analgesia may be associated with a lack of professional knowledge. Correct knowledge in professionals needs to be disseminated to the public in order to dispel possible misconceptions and rumors about labor epidural analgesia. This would not only enhance patient understanding of their care but also improve maternal, fetal, and neonatal outcomes.

简介：AbstractBackground:Zoonoses are public health threats that cause severe damage worldwide. Zoonoses constitute a key indicator of One Health (OH) and the OH approach is being applied for zoonosis control programmes of zoonotic diseases. In a very recent study, we developed an evaluation system for OH performance through the global OH index (GOHI). This study applied the GOHI to evaluate OH performance for zoonoses in sub-Saharan Africa.Methods:The framework for the OH index on zoonoses (OHIZ) was constructed including five indicators, 15 subindicators and 28 datasets. Publicly available data were referenced to generate the OHIZ database which included both qualitative and quantitative indicators for all sub-Sahara African countries (n = 48). The GOHI algorithm was used to estimate scores for OHIZ. Indicator weights were calculated by adopting the fuzzy analytical hierarchy process.Results:Overall, five indicators associated with weights were generated as follows: source of infection (23.70%), route of transmission (25.31%), targeted population (19.09%), capacity building (16.77%), and outcomes/case studies (15.13%). Following the indicators, a total of 37 sub-Sahara African countries aligned with OHIZ validation, while 11 territories were excluded for unfit or missing data. The OHIZ average score of sub-Saharan Africa was estimated at 53.67/100. The highest score was 71.99 from South Africa, while the lowest score was 40.51 from Benin. It is also worth mentioning that Sub-Sahara African countries had high performance in many subindicators associated with zoonoses, e.g., surveillance and response, vector and reservoir interventions, and natural protected areas, which suggests that this region had a certain capacity in control and prevention or responses to zoonotic events.Conclusions:This study reveals that it is possible to perform OH evaluation for zoonoses in sub-Saharan Africa by OHIZ. Findings from this study provide preliminary research information in advancing knowledge of the evidenced risks to strengthen strategies for effective control of zoonoses and to support the prevention of zoonotic events.

简介：AbstractBackground:Being able to predict with confidence the early onset of type 2 diabetes from a suite of signs and symptoms (features) displayed by potential sufferers is desirable to commence treatment promptly. Late or inconclusive diagnosis can result in more serious health consequences for sufferers and higher costs for health care services in the long run.Methods:A novel integrated methodology is proposed involving correlation, statistical analysis, machine learning, multi-K-fold cross-validation, and confusion matrices to provide a reliable classification of diabetes-positive and -negative individuals from a substantial suite of features. The method also identifies the relative influence of each feature on the diabetes diagnosis and highlights the most important ones. Ten statistical and machine learning methods are utilized to conduct the analysis.Results:A published data set involving 520 individuals (Sylthet Diabetes Hospital, Bangladesh) is modeled revealing that a support vector classifier generates the most accurate early-onset type 2 diabetes status predictions with just 11 misclassifications (2.1% error). Polydipsia and polyuria are among the most influential features, whereas obesity and age are assigned low weights by the prediction models.Conclusion:The proposed methodology can rapidly predict early-onset type 2 diabetes with high confidence while providing valuable insight into the key influential features involved in such predictions.

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简介：Nomatterwhereheisandwhathedoes,Dr.Shenalwaysconsidershimselfasadevotedresearcher,andholdstoughmindthathewillgofurtheralongthemedicineinnovation,headingforthehealthandhappinessofhumanbeing.

简介：有在吃并且煮的质量的重要差别的四个装饰用的梨树米饭变化在实验被使用。变化在充满阶段的不同谷物在直链淀粉和胶淀粉内容显示出差别，它在充满阶段的不同谷物被归因于淀粉的积聚的速度。在充满时期的谷物期间，变化没在ADPglocosepyrophosphorylase(AGPP)和最可溶的拱门合成(SSS)的活动到达了最大值的时间有差别，但是在淀粉分叉酶(SBE)的活动到达了最大值的时间有差别，在哪个劣等的优秀变化比高质量的早，并且高质量的变化仍然在谷物充满的最近的年龄使酶活动高。在性质与谷物充满的不同阶段改变了的AGPP，SSS，SBE和直链淀粉内容，胶淀粉内容，味道米价值，和RVA之间的关联和关联词度。在SSS活动和味道米价值之间的关联不在谷物充满的整个时期期间是重要的，但是AGPP和SBE的活动与味道米价值有重要或高度重要的关联。它对改进吃并且装饰用的梨树米饭煮在谷物作为父母在迟了的阶段充满或高酶活动的早阶段与低酶活动使用材料的质量有用。

简介：Takinghundredsofpiecesofhazardousgeologicalmaps(1:10000)ofThreeGorgesres-ervoirarea(3GR)asbackground,weestablishregionalthree-dimensional(3D)geo-hazardmodelusingDEM(digitalelevationmodel)superposedsurfaceimagesandgeo-hazardselements.Basedonlandslidesandothergeo-hazardsurveydata,usingimprovedB-REP(boundaryrepresenta-tion)entitydatastructure(two-body3Ddatastructure),wesetup3Dsolidmodelsforeachhazardousbodiesineachhazardousgeologicalmaps.Thenweintegratethetwotypesof3Dmodelswithdifferentscalesfromareatopoint,whicharetheregionalgeo-hazard3Dmodelandthesolidmodelsofeachdisasterbody,inordertoprovideavisualprocessingandanalysisplat-formfordangerpartition,stabilityevaluation,disasterpreventionandcontrol,earlywarningandcommand.

简介：ThispaperanalyzesthethreemainfundamentalissuesinthedesignofChina’sETSpilots,includingallowanceallocation,pricemechanismandstate-ownedkeyenterprises,andproposedsuggestedsolutions.Fortheissueofallowanceallocation,wesuggestthatthegradualhybridmodecouldbeappliedatthebeginning,whichstartswithmainlyfreeallocationandthenincreasesauctionratiogradually.Andgrandfatheringisasuitablemethodoffreeallocation.Fortheissueofpricemechanism,wesuggestapricefloatingzonewithopenmarketoperationtoreducetheuncertaintyofprices.Fortheissueofstate-ownedkeyenterprises,wesuggestagoodcoordinationwithSASAC,definingthestate-ownedpropertyrightandsupervisionrightwhenstate-ownedkeyenterprisesareinvolvedintothecarbonmarket,andthelocalgovernmentcansetrulesofallocationandtransactiontolimittheirpotentialmarketpower.

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简介：Identity-basedhashproofsystemisabasicandimportantprimitive.Ittographicschemesandprotocolsthataresecureagainstkey-leakageattacks.Inthisupdatableidentity-basedhashproofsystem,inwhichtherelatedmastersecretkeyiswidelyutilizedtoconstructcryp-paper,weintroducetheconceptofandtheidentitysecretkeycanbeupdatedsecurely.Then,weinstantiatethisprimitivebasedonlatticesinthestandardmodel.Moreover,weintroduceanapplicationofthisnewprimitivebygivingagenericconstructionofleakage-resilientpublic-keyencryptionschemeswithanonymity.Thisconstructioncanbeconsideredastheintegrationofthebounded-retrievalmodelandthecontinualleakagemodel.Comparedwiththeexistingleakage-resilientschemes,ourconstructionnotonlyismoreefficientbutalsocanresistmuchmorekeyleakage.

简介：Inthatorchardinginearly-to-midtwentiethcenturysoutheasternAustraliainvolveduseofcertainheavymetalandAscompoundsinregularpest-controlsprayprocedures,someinterestattachestothepossibilitythattheselandparcelsareunderlainbysoilswithabove-backgroundCu,PbandAslevels.InterpretationofLand-coverchangesallowedlandparcelspreviouslyoccupiedbyorchardstobeidentifiedinthe1950sthroughtime-seriesair-photos.Acomparisonofsoilanalysisresultsreferringtosoilsamplesfromcontrolsites,andfromlandparcelsformerlyoccupiedbyorchardists,showsthatcontamination(above-background)levelsofcationsinthepesticidescanbefoundinthetop6cmofformerorchardsoils.Itisclearthatdigitalspatialdatahandlingandculturally-informedairphotointerpretationhasaplaceinsoilcontaminationstudies,land-useplanning(withparticularreferencetore-development)andinadministrationofpublichealth.

简介：摘要：空调产品结构复杂多样，影响产品核心质量的因素繁多，如何快速准确完整的识别关键因子，并进行精准管控，是产品工艺设计的核心。本文通过应用公差仿真软件进行尺寸链分析，对产品核心质量需求进行深入剖析，引用仿真软件的敏感度，贡献度分析，进而识别出影响产品核心质量的关键因子，并建立关键因素管理体系，为工艺设计与管理提供理论支撑，可以广泛应用到具备结构装配关联性的机械设计与工艺制造等相关领域。提升了产品工艺设计水平，并为产品结构设计优化与生产过程质量控制等指引方向。

简介：HuoshanChina-NetherlandsPovertyAlleviationProjectisanintegratedpovertyreliefprojectassistingHuoshanCountyofAnhuiProvincebyNetherlandsgovernment.Itwasstartedin1998withadurationof5years.Thewholeprojectwillpersistinabasicthoughtofpatticipatorythinking,s...

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简介：Anewsyntheticapproachto1,4,6-tri-O-benzylmyo-inositolwasdescribedonthebasisoftheregioselectivebenzylationof1,2-O-isopropylidene-4,6-di-O-benzylmyo-inositol,subsequentacidhydrolysis,phosphorylationwithtetrabenazylpyrophosphateandappropriatedeprotec-tion.

简介：摘要：思维品质指在逻辑性、批判性和创新性等方面所表现的能力和水平，是小学英语核心素养培养的重要内涵。研究表明，通过可视化的阅读训练可以提升思维水平。可视化文字云图的图像表征和关键词优势，可以用来呈现不同重要程度的关联信息，从而帮助学生有效地提升信息处理和理解能力，助力思维品质培养。

简介：摘要：随着社会的不断发展和进步，城市化进程的加快，园林绿化工程对于我国的城市建设起着越来越重要的作用。在园林绿化施工过程中，反季节施工是最较为常见的施工工艺，在进行反季节施工时，要遵循一定的规则，遵守绿植的生长习性，在合适的时间进行反季节栽植。利用反季节施工技术，能够突破季节对种植绿化的影响，加快施工进度，缩短施工工期，在最短的时间的完成园林景观效果。本文从优化城市形象、改善生活环境以及提升绿化水平几方面着手，阐述了反季节施工技术的重要性，阐述园林绿化工程反季节施工存在的问题提出了几点应对策略，为我国城市园林绿化工程高质量建设创造良好的条件。