简介：Thispapermakesanoverallintroductionofecologicalresidence(ER),anewtypeofeco-buildingandstudiesitsorigin,definition,statusquoandcharacteristics.Firstly,itshapeslikeaforestseenfromafarandlikeagardenseeninside;secondly,itsenvironmentshouldbeuptothenaturallevel;thirdly,designing,management,greenenergyutilizationandsanitationshouldbeuptoenvironmentalstandard;fourthly,thegreenecologyconceptisnotonlyappliedtobuildingbutalsorootedintheresidents.Inthispaper,thefeaturesofecologicalresidencearesummarized-coziness,health,high-efficiencyandbeauty,andprinciplesofecologicalresidenceareproposed-ecology-based,human-oriented,local-conditions-basedandsystematic.Also,techniques,problemsandvariousunderstandingsarediscussedfortheenhancementofecologicalresidence.

简介：在氧化的缺氧的硫化物(ASO)的最佳的操作条件生物反应器被调查。最大的移动为硫化物评价；硝酸盐被发现是4.18kg/(m[3]·d)；1.73kg/(m[3]·d)分别地。装载在固定底层集中整个减少的水力的保留时间(HRT)观察的率(LR)的volumetricalvolumetri比由在固定HRT增加底层集中的那些高。在ASO反应堆的硫化物氧化部分正在生产两硫酸盐；硫；但是生产的硫酸盐的数量是约三分之一硫的。这个过程能高容忍硫化物集中，当流入的集中直到580mg/L时，硫化物移动百分比总是在99%附近留下了。它容忍了因为当流入的集中在110mg/L上面被增加时，移动百分比落下到85%，相对降低硝酸盐集中。这个过程能容忍更短的HRT但是小心的操作被需要。自从当HRT从3.12h被减少到2.88h时，进程性能突然地败坏了，硝酸盐变换比硫化物变换对HRT更敏感。以便在反应堆避免亚硝酸根累积，流入的硫化物；硝酸盐集中应该在280mg/L被保留；67.5mg/L分别地。现在的生物工学为把硫化物从下水道移开是有用的；原油。

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简介：Residencetimeisanimportantindicatorforriverenvironmentalmanagement.Inthispaper,a3DhydrodynamicmodelhasbeensuccessfullyappliedtoLittleManateeRivertocharacterizethemixingandtransportprocessandresidencetime.Themodelemployshorizontalcurvilinearorthogonalgridstorepresentthecomplexriversystemthatconsistsofbranchesandbayous.Themodelhasbeensatisfactorilycalibratedandverifiedbyusingtwocontinuousdatasets.Thedatasetsconsistofhourlyobservationsofallforcingboundaries,includingfreshwaterinputs,tides,winds,salinityandtemperaturesatbayboundary,andairtemperaturesformodelsimulations.Thedatasetsalsoconsistofhourlyobservationsofwaterlevels,salinity,andtemperatureatseveralriverstations.ThecalibratedandverifiedhydrodynamicmodelwasusedtopredictresidencetimeintheLittleManateeRiver.Undertheminimumflowof0.312m3/s,thepulseresidencetime(PRT)is108days.Modelsimulationswerealsoconductedfor17flowscenarios.EmpiricalregressionequationshavebeensatisfactorilyderivedtocorrelatePRTtofreshwaterinflow.CorrelationcoefficientR2is0.982forPRT.

简介：Asanimportantdesignfactorforconstructedwetlands,hydraulicretentiontimeanditsdistributionwillaffectthetreatmentperformance.Instantaneouslyinjectedsodiumchloridetracerswereusedtoobtainresidencetimedistributionsofthelabscalesubsurfaceflowconstructedwetland.Consideringthepresenceoftrailingandmultiplepeaksofthetracerbreakthroughcurve,themultiflowdispersionmodel(MFDM)wasusedtofittheexperimentaltracerbreakthroughcurves.Accordingtotheresidualsumofsquaresandcomparisonbetweentheexperimentalvaluesandsimulatedvaluesofthetracerconcentration,MFDMcouldfittheresidencetimedistribution(RTD)curvesatisfactorily,theresultsofwhichalsoreflectedthelayeredstructureofwetlandcells,thustogivereferenceforapplicationofMFDMtothesamekindofsubsurfaceflowconstructedwetlands.

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