简介：AbstractObjective:The aim of this work was to measure the antibacterial activity (against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus [S. aureus]) of the ethyl acetate part of Abrus cantoniensis and assess their potential as medicines.Methods:The experiment was divided into four groups: negative control group [with Mueller-Hinton broth (MHB)], positive control group (with 75% ethanol), blank group (with MHB) and test group (with the ethyl acetate part of Abrus cantoniensis). The antibacterial activities of the extracts were evaluated by the Oxford cup assay and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Time-kill curve experiments, scanning electron microscopy, the content of DNA, RNA and protein were used to study the antibacterial mechanism of the ethyl acetate extract part on the growth and viability of S. aureus. The study procedures were approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee of Xi’an Jiaotong University (approval No. XJTULAC2016-412) on January 22, 2016.Results:The ethyl acetate part of Abrus cantoniensis extract exhibited the highest inhibitory activity against the growth of S. aureus with an inhibition zone diameter of 16.4 mm and MIC value of 0.5 μg/mL. The general activity range of the ethyl acetate part, determined using a time-killing curve, was found to be 0.5 μg/mL to 40 μg/mL (MIC to 80 × MIC). Changes in the scanning electron microscopy images and of DNA, RNA and proteins of S. aureus indicated possible mechanisms of the inhibitory activity of the ethyl acetate part.Conclusion:The ethyl acetate part of Abrus cantoniensis damaged bacterial cell structures, which results in protoplasm leakage, and eventually bacterial cell death.

简介：摘要：小学英语教学是英语学习的基础课程，这一阶段的学习对学生学习英语的兴趣和学习习惯的培养至关重要，因此这一阶段的教学方式和模式需要更加注重学生的阶段性特征，更注重感情体感和实践教学。本文立足于小学英语四年级的教学实践，以四年级下册Unit2Part A Let’s talk部分为例，分析了在英语课堂教学中融入基于体验的对话教学的重要意义，并提出了具有可操作性的建议策略。

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简介：摘要：社会的不断进步与发展给现阶段小学教育领域带来了新的机遇和挑战，随着社会需求的不断发展对于学生的整体评价也越来越严格。相较于传统的教学思想，现阶段小学英语教育目标已不仅仅局限在学生考试成绩的提高，学生的综合能力越来越受到人们关注。作为小学英语教学的组织者和重要参与者，教师在学生素质英语素质形成过程中发挥着重要角色,其教学理念的革新直接关系到学生学习和发展方向。现阶段小学英语教学强调提高学生的核心素养，作为英语教学的重要组成部分，小学英语对话教学对于提高学生核心素养意义重大，为了帮助学生不断提高对话技巧并不断完善其综合素质，教师要在核心素养背景下积极探索提高英语对话教学的有效手段。

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简介：【摘要】在英语对话课教学中，利用好思维导图，有助于学生提取文本主题信息，同时为师生对话或生生对话提供语汇；有助于学生提炼文本语言结构，进行新旧知识整合，建立起合理知识网络，发展学生思维品质；有助于活化文本语言运用，提高学生学习能力和语言运用能力。

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简介：【摘要】非连续性文本具有段落层次之间语感不严密的特点，作为文本的一种基础类型，既涵盖了文本的基本共性，又和其他文本形式有所区别。通常涵盖了图表、图解文字以及文章目录、说明、图片句子连线等间断性文本内容。这种非连续性文本在小学阶段所占比例较大，能够帮助学生在英语阅读过程中更好地理解文章内容，获取有用的信息，同时又能提升学生的学习兴趣。在教学实践中，笔者通过“支架式”教学模式对非连续性文本阅读进行教学研究，采用了工具支架、问题支架、范例支架、图表支架、建议支架等形式，以人教版四年级下册的Unit６的一节课例，进而提出相应的教学策略。

简介：摘要：直入式讲授法已经没有多大的吸引力，而英语情境教学能大大的吸引学生的眼球，