简介：ＤＯＮＧＲＵＲＡＬＦＯＲＥＳＴＲＹＭＡＮＡＧＥＭＥＮＴ￥ＢｙＹａｎｇＣｈａｎｇｙａｎ；ＷｕＹｉｎｇｂａｎｇａｎｄＰｅｉＣｈａｏｘｉＴｈｅＤｏｎｇｍｉｎｏｒｉｔｙｉｎｈａｂｉｔａｒｅｍｏｔｅｍｏｕｎｔａｉｎｏｕｓｒｅｇｉｏｎｕｎｕｓｕａｌｌｙｒｉｃｈｉ...

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简介：Accordingtothestructure-basedforestmanagementtheory,theappraisalindicessystemofnaturalforestmanagementefficiencywasestablishedfromspatialutilization,speciesdiversity,constructivespeciescompetitionandtreecomposition,whichcouldbeusedtodepictstandstatus,anditsmetewandwasgiven.RelativeweightwasendowedbyTheAnalyticHierarchyProcess(AHP),andthentheconceptionofnaturalforestmanagementefficiencycomprehensiveappraisalindexwasputforwardforthefirsttimeandappliedtofourdifferentsamplingplotsofnaturalforest,threeofthemfromDongdapoforestregion,Jiaohe,Jilinprovince,andonefromBaihuaforestarea,Xiaolongshan,Gansuprovince,China.Theresultsareasfollowing:thestandstatuswasobviouslyimprovedafterbeingmanagedandplotA,Bgotamarkof"medium"whileCandDwere"perfect".Fromhightolow,thearrangementofforestmanagementefficiencycomprehensiveappraisalindexwasC>D>A>B.Thisappraisalresultabidedbythephenomenondetectedinthepracticalfield.Theforestmanagementefficiencycomprehensiveappraisalindexbroughtupinthispapercouldbetakenasawayofcomprehensivequantitativechangeofstandstatewhichdirectlyreflectstheeffortofforestmanagementandaffordsscientificbasisofnaturalforestmanagementeffort.

简介：在分析中国水土资源的状况及水土流失危害的基础上，作者介绍了中国山区流域经营的主要经验与措施体系；应用全国各大流域２０个典型，分析了流域经营的效益．为了判别流域经营的可持续性，提出了包括社会经济与生态环境两个方面的可持续流域经营指标体系．

简介：<正>Since1980s,participatoryapproach,asatoolandmajortechnology,hasbeenreceivedbymanycountriesandinternationalorgans,andhasbeenusedextensivelyintheprojectsofsurvey,povertyrelief,resourcedevelopmentandresourceprotection.Indeed,thesedevelopmentactions,supportedby

简介：Conflictisanimportantcomponentofhumansocietyandanecessaryforsocialdevelopment,owingtothedifferenceofsocialeconomy,historicalculturalbackgroundandregionalenvironment,variousconflictsandcontradictionswillbegeneratedunavoidably.Insolvingtheseconflictsandcontradic

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简介：ＦａｒｍｅｒＰａｒｔｉｃｉｐａｔｉｏｎｉｎｔｈｅＭａｎａｇｅｍｅｎｔａｎｄＰｏｌｉｃｙｍａｋｉｎｇｏｆＦｏｒｅｓｔｒｙＰｒｏｊｅｃｔｓＢｙＧｕｏＺｈｅｎｇｍｕｏＳｏｃｉａｌｆｏｒｅｓｔｒｙｉｓａｎｅｗｆｏｒｅｓｔｒｙｔｈｅｏｒｙｔｈａｔｉｓｂｅｇｉｎ...

简介：EucalyptsareverypopularforrevegetationinmanypartsofsouthChinabecauseoftheircapacitytotoleratedegradedsitesandunfertilesoils,andtheirfastgrowthpotentialtocoppice.Thispaperreviewsadecadeoffieldtrialsinchina,undertakenaspartofseveralbilateralresearchprogramsinplantationforestry,concerningtheuseoffertilizers,harvestresiduemanagementandinoculationwithectomycorrhizalfungi.Oneofthekeyquestionsaddressediswhethertheproductivityofplantation...

简介：Watershedmanagementisanever-evolvingpracticeinvolvingthemanagementofland,water,biota,andotherresourcesinadefinedareaforecological,social,andeconomicpurposes.Inthispaper,weexplorethefollowingquestions:Howhaswatershedmanagementevolved?Whatnewtoolsareavailableandhowcantheybeintegratedintosustainablewatershedmanagement?Toaddressthesequestions,wediscusstheprocessofdevelopingintegratedwatershedmanagementstrategiesforsustainablemanagementthroughtheincorporationofadaptivemanagementtechniquesandtraditionalecologicalknowledge.Weaddressthenumerousbenefitsfromintegrationacrossdisciplinesandjurisdictionalboundaries,aswellastheincorporationoftechnologicaladvancements,suchasremotesensing,GIS,bigdata,andmulti-levelsocial-ecologicalsystemsanalysis,intowatershedmanagementstrategies.WeusethreecasestudiesfromChina,Europe,andCanadatoreviewthesuccessandfailureofintegratedwatershedmanagementinaddressingdifferentecological,social,andeconomicdilemmasingeographicallydiverselocations.Althoughprogresshasbeenmadeinwatershedmanagementstrategies,therearestillnumerousissuesimpedingsuccessfulmanagementoutcomes;manyofwhichcanberemediedthroughholisticmanagementapproaches,incorporationofcutting-edgescienceandtechnology,andcross-jurisdictionalcoordination.Weconcludebyhighlightingthatfuturewatershedmanagementwillneedtoaccountforclimatechangeimpactsbyemployingtechnologicaladvancementsandholistic,cross-disciplinaryapproachestoensurewatershedscontinuetoservetheirecological,social,andeconomicfunctions.Wepresentthreecasestudiesinthispaperasavaluableresourceforscientists,resourcemanagers,governmentagencies,andotherstakeholdersaimingtoimproveintegratedwatershedmanagementstrategiesandmoreefficientlyandsuccessfullyachieveecologicalandsocio-economicmanagementobjectives.

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简介：ThepurposeofthispaperistostudytheRSdatawebservicesandrelatedsubjectsofdatastorageanddatamanagement.Basedonananalysisofthepresentsituationanddevelopmenttrendofstorageandmanagementofrasterdataandwebservicetechnology,amanagementandservicesystemarchitectureforRemoteSensingrasterdatabasedonwebservicetechnologieswasdeveloped,theimplementationmethodologiesofthekeytechnologyofthesystemwereexploredandaprototypeofthesystemwasillustrated.

简介：Today42%(9000km^2)oftheareaofHesseiscoveredwithforests.Thetotalareaofforestshasslightlyincreasedsinceseveralyears.ButactuallytheforestsadjacenttotheconurbationsofNorthernHesseinthevicinityofKasselinparticularandintheRhein-MainRegionsurroundingFrankfurtareinaverydifficultposition.Thereisbigdemandforlandtobeconvertedintosettlements,infrastructure,etc.,whilethereisincreasingneedfortheprotectiveandrecreationalfunctionsoftheforests.Thereforemaintenanceofexistingforestsandestablishmentofnewforestsareamongstthemostimportantresponsibilitiesoftheforestauthoritiesonregionalanddistrictlevel.

简介：Background:Forestecosystemsareincreasinglyseenasmulti-functionalproductionsystems,whichshouldprovide,besidestimberandeconomicbenefits,alsootherecosystemservicesrelatedtobiologicaldiversity,recreationalusesandenvironmentalfunctionsofforests.Thisstudyanalyzedtheperformanceofeven-agedrotationforestmanagement(RFM)continuouscoverforestry(CCF)andany-agedforestry(AAF)intheproductionofecosystemservices.AAFalowsbotheven-agedanduneven-agedmanagementschedules.Theecosystemservicesincludedintheanalyseswerenetpresentvalue,volumeofharvestedtimber,cowberryandbilberryyields,scenicvalueoftheforest,carbonbalanceandsuitabilityoftheforesttoSiberianjay.Methods:Dataenvelopmentanalysiswasusedtoderivenumericalefficiencyratiosforthethreemanagementsystems.Efficiencyratioisthesumofweightedoutputs(ecosystemservices)dividedbythesumofweightedinputs.ThelinearprogramingmodelproposedbyCharnes,CooperandRhodeswasusedtoderivetheweightsforcalculatingefficiencyscoresforthesilviculturalsystems.Resultsandconclusions:CCFprovidedmoreecosystemservicesthanRFM,andCCFwasmoreefficientthanRFMandAAFintheproductionofecosystemservices.Multi-objectivemanagementprovidedmoreecosystemservices(exceptharvestedtimber)thansingle-objectivemanagementthatmaximizedeconomicprofitability.Theuseoflowdiscountrate(resultinginlowcuttinglevelandhighgrowingstockvolume)ledtobettersupplyofmostecosystemsservicesthantheuseofhighdiscountrate.RFMwhereNPVwasmaximizedwithhighdiscountrateledtoparticularlypoorprovisionofmostecosystemservices.InCCFtheprovisionofecosystemserviceswaslesssensitivetochangesindiscountrateandmanagementobjectivethaninRFM.

简介：ForestdiseasesandpestsareperceivedasagrowinghazardtoChinaeconomy.Itisacommonconclusionthattheactualitiesofforestpestsinchinaarenoeffectivemeasurestotheoldimportantpests,somesecondarypestsareascendingtochiefpests,increasingdevastationfromexoticpests,frequentecologicalpesteruptioninducedbyenvironmentaldetrimentandhost-leadingdiseasestothreatenthe"WesternDevelopmentProject"inChina,whichisthemostimportanteconomicalstrategytoChina;th...

简介：Globalwarmingisoneofthehottestenvironmentproblems.OneofthereasonsisthesharpincreaseofCO2inatmosphere.Soilrespirationinforestecosystemsaccountsto60%-90%oftotalecosystemrespirationandisthereforeoneofthekeycomponentsoftheglobalCcycle.Thispapersummarizeddifferentresponsesofsoilrespirationtoforestmanagementmeasures,anddescribedtherelevantresearchesathomeandabroadontheeffectofmanagementmeasureslikeharvesting,forestfertilization,soilimproving(Liming),litterremoval,andprescribedburningonsoilrespiration.

简介：ByPRAsurveyto1245farmerhouseholdsof10keyMosobamboo(Phyllostachyspubescens)productioncounties,thesourceanddemandofthemanagementtechniquesinZhejiangwerestudied.Theconductedprincipalfactoranalysisrevealedthatexperienceandtraditionalknowledgearecurrentlymajortechnicalsourcesoffarmerhouseholds'Mosobambooforestmanagementtechniquesandthatthedemonstrativehouseholdisahighlyexpectedtechnicalsource,inwhichtheprimefactorisinterpersonaldissemination...

简介：<正>Human’sancestorwasoriginallyamemberofthetenthousandthingsofcreation.Inalonghistoryafterenteringintocivilization.humanstillmaintainedharmonyandequilibriumwithnature.However,thehighlydevelopedmoderntechnologyandeconomysenthuman

简介：Co-managementisanewmanagingpatternofthedevelopmentofnaturereserve.Itrelievestheconflictsofresourceutilizationbetweennaturereserveandcommunity,encouragesvillagerstoparticipateintheprotectionofnaturereservebio-diversity,attemptstoimprovetheconditionsofcommunityproductionandliving,andelevatesthelivings

简介：ItiswellknownthatthecharacteristicsofChina’ssituationsareoverpopulation,poorfoundation,lowculturalandscienceandtechnologylevels,lackandunevendistributionofresources,andlowrankingofpercapitaGDP.Owingtothebackwardofscienceandtechnologyandmanagement,therelativelyshort-suppliedresourceshasnotbeenutilize