简介：Riverregulationandrivertraininghavebeenperformedforvariouspurposesandnegativeeffectshavebeenshowninnumerouscases.Insomecasesthenegativeeffectsaresoseriousthathumanshavetoconsiderto'renaturalize'theregulatedrivers.Onlybyusingthestrategyofintegratedrivermanagementthediverseriverusesandnaturalfluvialprocessesandecologicalsystemsmaybeharmonized.Basedonanalysisofcasestudiesanddatacollectedfromliteraturesthispaperpresentstheconceptofintegratedrivermanagementandfourprinciplesofrivertraining.Theintegratedrivermanagementcomprises:1)takingthewatershed,upperstreambasinincludingthetributaries,middleandlowerreachesandtheestuaryasanintegratedentityintheplanning,designandmanagement;and2)mitigatingorcontrollingthenegativeimpactsonhydrology,erosionandsedimentation,fluvialprocesses,landuseandriveruse,environmentandecologywhileinachievingeconomicbenefitfromwaterresourcesdevelopment,floodsafetymanagementandhydropowerexploitation.Rivertrainingandmanagementshouldbeinaccordancewiththefourprinciples:1)extendingthedurationofriverwaterflowingonthecontinent,whichmaybeachievedbyextendingtherivercourseorreducingtheflowvelocity;2)controllingvariouspatternsoferosionsandreducingthesedimenttransportationintherivers;3)increasingthediversityofhabitatandenhancingtheconnectivitybetweentheriverandriparianwaters;and4)restoringnaturallandscapes.

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简介：ＲＥＳＥＡＲＣＨＡＮＤＰＲＡＣＴＩＣＥＯＦＳＥＤＩＭＥＮＴＭＡＮＡＧＥＭＥＮＴＩＮＴＨＥＧＥＺＨＯＵＢＡＰＲＯＪＥＣＴＷＡＮＧＱｉａｏａｎｄＰＡＮＱｉｎｇｘｉｎ１ＴｈｅＥｎｇｌｉｓｈｔｅｘｔｉｓｔｒａｎｓｌａｔｅｄｂｙＤｒ．ＤＩＮＧ，Ｌｉａｎｚｈｅｎ...

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简介：TheThreeGorgesProjectisoneofthelargesthydro-projectsintheworldandhasdrawnmanydebatesinsideChinaandabroad.Themajorconcernisthatsedimentloadfromtheriverbasinmayeventuallyfailthefunctionsoftheprojectforfloodcontrolandpowergeneration.Toreducesedimentationinthereservoir,watershedmanagementhasbeenadopted.However,thereislimitedinformationregardingtheeffectivenessofvariouscontrolmeasuressuchasterracingandafforestationonawatershedscale.TheJialingRiver,amaintributaryoftheYangtzeRiver,contributesapproximately25%ofthetotalsedimentloadinthemainriverbutonlyrepresents8%ofthewholebasinarea.TherehavebeenvariouslandusepatternsandextensivehumanactivitiesforthousandsofyearsintheJialingRiverwatershed.BasedonanalysisofthemajorfactorsaffectingerosionintheJialingRiverwatershed,themainwatershedmanagementstrategies(afforestation,farmingandengineeringpractice)areillustrated,andtheireffectsonthereductionofsedimentandrunoffarestudiedindetail.Thesedimentbudgetofthewatershedshowsthat1/3ofthesedimentyieldistrappedbytheerosioncontrolmeasures(afforestationandfarming)ontheslope,1/3istrappedbythereservoirs,pondsanddamswithinthewatershed,andonlyabout1/3istransportedintotheYangtzeRiver,whichwillaffecttheThreeGorgesProject.

简介：Coastalerosionisaseriousproblemofconcernalongthesouthwest(SW)coastofIndia.Variouscoastalprotectionmeasureshavebeenappliedfortherecoveryofthecoast,butthedevastatingeffectoferosionstillcontinues.ThepresentstudyfocusesonacoastalstretchsituatedonthesouthernsectoroftheSWcoastofIndia,whereSundarandSannasiraj(2006)proposedagroynefieldalongwithanexistingseawalltocontrolsevereerosion.Inordertoconfirmthenetlittoraldriftofthisregionandforapreliminaryassessmentoftheperformanceofthegroynespriortoconstructionoftheproposedgroynefield,twogroyneswereinitiallyconstructedasapilotprogramin2008-09.Periodicmonitoringofshorelinepositionwiththetwogroynesinplacewascarriedoutduring2009-14.Ashorelineevolutionmodelforthestudyregionwassetup,calibrated,andvalidatedusingfieldobservationsduring2010-11.Inadditiontotraditionalshorelineevolutionmodellingprocedures,aprofilesimulationmodelwasappliedforsimulatingtheshorelinebehaviourduringextrememonsoonseasons.ThevalidatedLITPACKmodelhasbeenusedtoevaluatetheperformanceoftheproposedgroynefieldincontrollingerosion,andthestudyalsoconsideredtestingamodifiedtransitionalgroynefieldproposedasanalternativesolutiontotheexistingproblem,andthemodifiedtransitionalgroynefieldwasfoundtobemoreeffectivethanthepriordesign.Abeachisexpectedtodevelopabout30–50mwithinthegroynecellsduringthefairseasonwhichenhancesthepossibilityofretainingaminimumbeachwidthof10mduringmonsoonperiods.&2017InternationalResearchandTrainingCentreonErosionandSedimentation/theWorldAssociationforSedimentationandErosionResearch.PublishedbyElsevierB.V.Allrightsreserved.

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