简介：Complexurbansceneryisgenerallycomposedofgiganticamountofdetailedbuildings,efficientrepresentationandrenderingareessentialforitsvisualization.Wepresentanacceleratingmethodforurbanvisualization.Ourapproachcanoptimizetheorganizationofmodelsinaccordancewiththequadtreebasedterrain,whichmakestheparallelizationeasier.Throughminimizingthedrawcallwithinonerenderingprocess,ourapproachcanreducethetimecostofeachframeandimprovetheframerategreatly.Hereby,oursystemcanhandlelarge-scaledetailedmodelswithhighdiversityandalsocanaffordtheabilitytoadjusttherenderingstrategyautomaticallyaccordingtothestateofthehardware.

简介：Thenon-edibleoilsarebelievedtobeoneofthemajorfeedstockfortheproductionofbiodieselinfuture.Inthepresentstudy,weinvestigatedtheproductionofJatrophaoilmethylesters(JOMEs)viaalkali-catalyzedtransesterificationroute.ThebiophysicalcharacteristicsofJatrophaoilwerefoundwithintheoptimalrangeinaccordancewithASTMstandardsasasubstitutedieselfuel.Thechemicalcompositionandproductionyieldofas-synthesizedbiodieselwereconfirmedbyvariousanalyticaltechniquessuchasFT-IR,1HNMR,13CNMRandgaschromatographycoupledwithmassspectrometry.Ahighpercentageconversion,～96.09%,offattyacidsintoesterswasachievedunderoptimizedtransesterificationconditionswith6:1oiltomethanolratioand0.9wt%NaOHfor50minat～60°C.Moreover,twelvefattyacidsmethylesters(FAME)werequantifiedintheGC/MSanalysisanditwasinterestingtonotethatthemassfragmentationpatternofsaturated,monounsaturatedanddiunsaturatedFAMEwascomparablewiththeliteraturereportedvalues.