简介：Itisdifficulttorealizethetransformationfromtradi-tionaleconomyindustrialsystemtocirculareconomyindustrialsystem.Regardingprimaryrawmaterialsastheindicators,theindustrialsystemhasbeenspecifiedaccordingtothedivergenceamongtheindicatorsandthecircularutilizationmodes.Incom-parisonwiththeassociationamongindustrialsystems,therela-tionshipamongindustrialsub-systemsisnamedasindustrialcross-linkinginthispaper.Theindustrialsystemwhichcouldcompletelyutilizeandrecycletheindicatorsshouldbeincreasedandstrengthened,andthecirculareconomyindustrialsystemwithcompleteindustrialassociationandindustrialcross-linkingshouldalsobeconstructed.Takingthedevelopmentofcircularagricul-turalsystembasingonthetraditionalagriculturalsystemasanexample,thetraditionalagriculturalproductsareregardedastheindicatorswhichhavebeendividedintofoodstuffandcropstrawswhichareusedtoproducefoodandarticlesforuse,likefertilizer,energyandpapersetc.Thewaytoconstructthecircularagricul-turalindustrialsystemistoincreasetheindustrialsystemsthatcouldutilizetheproductsgeneratedfromcropstraws,fecesandothercastoffsandtransformthewastewaterandothertrucksintoenvironmentalfriendlyproducts.Ithasalsobeenpointedoutthattheconstructionofcirculareconomyindustrialsystemiscondu-civetothefoundationofcircularindustrialeconomicsandtheestablishmentoftheconstructionlayoutofcirculareconomyandtheapplicationschemes.Suggestionstothetheoreticalandprac-ticalworkofthenextstephavealsobeenbroughtforwardinthispaper.

简介：Alongwiththeeconomicdevelopmentandtheaccelerationofurbanization,urbanconstructionlandexpandsrapidlyinChina,andhasresultedinaseriesofsocio-economicproblems.Thisarticlesummarizedthemajorpointsofcontrollingtheuncheckedandrashexpansionofconstructionlandintheacademiccircle,andanalyzedtheproblemsofregulatingtheexpansionofconstructionlandfromthreeaspects.First,thisarticleanalyzedtherelationshipsbetweensocio-economicdevelopmentandurbanizationfromthehistoricalviewpoints,andpointedoutthattheexpansionofconstructionlandisahistoricalphenomenonwhichwillbesurelyappearedinthedevelopmentofhumanrace.Second,theauthorsutilizedtwo-sectormodeltoanalyzetheimportanceofurbanizationinthesocio-economicdevelopmentfromtheacademicangles.Atlast,theauthorsutilizefour-quadrantmodelandbidrentcurvemodeltoanalyzetheinfluencethatbroughtbythestrictcontrolofconstructionlandexpansion.Throughanalysis,thisarticledrewsomeconclusions.First,theexpansionofconstructionlandisaphenomenonwhichwillsurelyappearinthesocialdevelopment.Itisimpossibletoaccomplishthenationalmodernizationonthebasisofdualisticstructurebetweenurbanandruralareas.Second,underthefunctionofrentgradientgap,strictcontrolofconstructionlandexpansionwillnotonlyobtaintheanticipatedeffects,butalsocauseaseriesofsocio-economicproblems,suchasland-levyingcontradiction,theappearanceoflimitedpropertyrighthouse,andbeingdependantonleaseinsteadofexpropriation.Third,unreasonablepoliciesandgovernmentalbehaviorsaretherootsoftheuncheckedandrashexpansionofurbanconstructionland.Basedontheseconclusions,thisarticleproposedthatthreetransformationsshouldberealizedtoregulatetheuncheckedandrashexpansionofconstructionland:transfersfromquantityregulationtoqualityregulation,fromdirectregulationtoindirectregulation,andfromsingle-measureregulationtomulti-measuresr

简介：Theconstructionofanecologicalcityhastwofounda-tionalplatforms:thesmallplatform,namelyurbandistrictorsimplycalledas'cityecosystem';andthebigplatform,namelyaroundcitydistrictincertainregionscopeoralsoreferredtoas'city-regionecosystem'.Theconstructionofanecologicalcitymustbelaunchedinthedualspatialcriteria:incity(urbandistrict)criterion—optimizingthecityecosystem;incity-region(cityterritory)criterion—optimizingthecity-regionecosystem.Luoy-anghasthebrightcharacteristicandthetypicalimagewithincitiesofChina,andevenintheworld.Theconstructionofanecologicalcityindualspatialcriteria—thecityandthecity-region—hasthevitalsignificancetourbanizationadvancementandsustainabledevelopmentinLuoyang.Incity-regioncriterion,theprimarymissionofLuoyang’secologicalcityconstructionistocreateafineecologicalenvironmentplatforminitscityterritory.Incitycriterion,thebasicdutyofLuoyang’secologiccityconstructionistoenhancetheecologicalcapacityandbenefitofthecentralcity.

简介：AccordingtothelogicprocessofcarbonreductioninChinawhicharisesfromthemeasurementtoreduction,fromreductiontooffsetting,themeasurementofcarbonemissioninthetourismindustrywasthefirstandkeystep.Basedonthelifecycleassessmenttheoryandinput-outputanalysis,thisarticleusedeconomicandenvironmentalmeasurementtechnologies,TheSystemofNationalAccounting(SNA),TourismSatelliteAccount(TSA),SystemofIntegratedEnvironmentandEconomicAccounting(SEEA),andsoon,andbuiltupatop-downcarbonemissionanalysisframeworkforthetourismindustryandestimatedcarbonemissionofthetourismindustryinChinain2007.ThefindingshowedthatthetotalcarbonemissionofthetourismindustryinChinain2007was169.78milliontons,covering2.71%ofcarbonemissionofallindustriesinChinain2007,and2.44%ofthetotalcarbonemissioninChinain2007.ThedirectcarbonemissionofthetourismindustryinChinain2007was73.56milliontons,includingtransportation(50.14milliontons),sightseeing(1.33milliontons),lodging(4.19milliontons),accommodation(4.73milliontons),shopping(8.14milliontons),entertainment(0.67milliontons),communication(0.45milliontons),andothers(3.90milliontons).TheindirectcarbonemissionofthetourismindustryinChinain2007was96.23milliontons,mostlycontributedbycoking,gas,andpetroleumprocessingindustries,transportationandwarehousingindustry,machineryandequipmentmanufacturingindustry,andfoodmanufacturingandtobaccoprocessingindustry,whichcovered57%.

简介：

简介：Inrespondingtoglobalclimatechange,theideaoflow-carboneconomyemergesasthetimesrequire.Developinglow-carboneconomyisbasedontheconstructionoflow-carbonsociety.Thesocalled'two-orientationsociety'(resourcesconservationorientatedsocietyandenvironmentalfriendlyorientatedsociety)istheconcreterepresentationoflow-carbonsocietywithChinesecharacteristics,andanactualactionforChinaindevelopinglow-carboneconomy.Basedonurbanagglomeration,thepaperdiscussesthemeaningofandtheroutetolow-carbonsocietywhichwouldbetterreflecttheintrinsicrequirementsofsuchasociety.