简介：Anappropriatecoupledcohesivelawforpredictingthemixedmodefailureisestablishedbycombiningnormalseparationandtangentialseparationofsurfacesinthecohesivezonemodel(CZM)andthecohesiveelementmethod.TheXu-Needlemanexponentialcohesivelawwiththefullyshearfailuremechanismisoneofthemostpopularmodels.Basedontheproposedconsistentlycoupledrule/principle,theXu-Needlemanlawwiththefullyshearfailuremechanismisprovedtobeanon-consistentlycoupledcohesivelawbyanalyzingthesurfaceseparationwork.ItisshownthattheXu-Needlemanlawisonlyvalidinthemixedmodefracturewhenthenormalseparationworkequalsthetangentialseparationwork.BasedontheconsistentlycoupledprincipleandthemodificationoftheXu-Needlemanlaw,aconsistentlycoupledcohesive(CCC)lawisgiven.ItisshownthattheproposedCCClawhasalreadyovercomethenon-consistencydefectoftheXu-Needlemanlawwithgreatpromiseinmixedmodeanalyses.

简介：Thefundamentalsofcohesivepowderconsolidationandflowbehaviourusingareasonablecombinationofparticleandcontinuummechanicsareexplained.Bymeansofthemodel'stiffparticleswithsoftcontacts',theinfluenceofelastic-plasticrepulsioninparticlecontactsisdemonstrated.Withthisasthephysicalbasis,thestationaryyieldlocus,instantaneousyieldlociandconsolidationloci,flowfunctionandcompressionfunctionarepresented.Theflowpropertiesofaverycohesivetitaniananopowder(ds=200nm)areshown.Thesemodelsarausedtoevaluateshearcelltestresultsasconstitutivefunctionsforcomputeraidedapparatusdesignforreliablepowderflow.

简介：<正>1.IntroductionWhenaddressinglanguagecohesion,anattemptmustbemadetoidentifyhowlanguageisusedtocreatecohesiveandcoherentcommunication,orhowoneutterancefollowsanother.WilliamLabovdescribesthetaskathand,statingthat‘thefundamentalproblemofdiscourseanalysis1istoshowhowoneutterancefollowsanotherinarational,rulegovernedmanner—inotherwords,howwe

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简介：ThisresearchusessystemicfunctionalgrammarasatextualanalysistooltoexamineEnglishargumentativewriting.Thecriticalquestionraisedinthisstudyis:TowhatextentcanthisanalysishelpstudentsconstructcohesivedevicesintermsofTheme/Rheme,lexicalcohesionandclausalcohesion?Itattemptstoanswerthequestionbyanalyzingasampleessayoftheresearcher’sstudenttohelpstudentslearnindetailtheschematicstructureandcohesivedevicesinargumentativewriting.AlsoitaimstoexploreimplicationsofsuchananalysisforfurtherEnglishwritingteachingandlearninginstructions.

简介：Settlingvelocityisafundamentalparameterinsedimenttransportdynamics.ForuniformPar-ticles,thereareabundantformulasforcalculationoftheirsettlingvelocities.Butinnaturalfields,sedi-mentconsistsofnon-uniformparticles.Theinteractionamongparticlesiscomplexandshouldnotbeneg-lected.Inthispaper,basedontheanalysisofsettlingmechanismofnon-cohesiveandnon-uniformparti-cles,atheoreticalmodeltodescribesettlingmechanismisproposed.Besidessuspensionconcentrationandupwardturbulentflowcausedbyotherparticles,collisionamongparticlesisanothermainfactorinflu-encingsettlingvelocity.Byintroducingthecollisiontheory,equationsoffallvelocitybeforecollision,colli-sionprobability,andfallvelocityaftercollisionareestablished.Finally,aformulausedtocalculatetheset-tlingvelocityofnon-cohesiveparticleswithwidegraingradationispresented,whichagreeswellwiththeexperimentaldata.

简介：当使遭到了到外部装载时，连贯的沉积展出非牛顿的复杂rheological行为和时间依赖者。这份报纸在稠密的连贯的沉积的三种类型的rheological性质上论述调查的结果，从长江的嘴镇定，在中国的Hangzhou海湾，和扬琴·莱克浅。一套rheological参数(包括粘性，收益应力，等等)基于与一个RheolabQC电流计被进行的实验被学习。流动曲线的大小，砍压力时间回答，和收益压力被做。稠密的连贯的沉积的稳固液体的转变在shear率斜面测试和shear压力斜面测试两个都发生了。这转变不是直接的，但是它被过渡变丑政体或压力高原调停。Herschel-Bulkley模型和Carreau模型能描述稠密的连贯的沉积，和实验表达式的rheological行为因为在这些模型计算参数被获得由一维并且回归分析。shear压力斜面测试并且由翼方法决定的收益压力被比较并且讨论。稠密的连贯的沉积的rheological性质上的水内容的影响被考虑。

简介：Characterisationofflowabilityofsmallquantitiesofcohesivepowdersisofgreatindustrialinterest,particularlyforthepharmaceuticalsec-tors,wherealimitedamountofmaterialisavailableorthematerialisnoteasilyaccessible.Inthispaper,ballindentationonapowderbedisevaluatedforflowcharacterisationofsmallquantitiesofcohesivepowdersatlowlevelsofconsolidationpressures.Inparallel,thebulkpowderissubjectedtothecommontestmethodofunconfineddirectcompression.Analogoustoindentationhardnesstesting,forwhichtheindentationpressureisrelatedtotheflowstress,aconstraintfactor(C)isdefinedrelatingtheunconfinedyieldstressandindentationpres-sure.Theconstraintfactorsforthetestpowdershavebeenevaluated,enablinganeasymethodtocharacterizetheflowbehaviourofcohesivepowders.

简介：Biogenicstabilizationprocessesthatresultintheformationofbiofilmsandinterparticle-networkscansignificantlyalterthetransportcharacteristicsoffinegrainedsedimentlayers.Theincreaseinthethresholdofsedimentmotioncanamounttouptoseveralhundredpercent.Whileplancticorganismsareinvolvedintheformationofdepositingflocsandtheearlystagesofconsolidation,thesecondaryconsolidationiscontrolledbymicrobialbreakdownprocesses,leadingtochangesinthemechanicalpropertiesofcohesivesediments.Whiletheprimarystageofconsolidationiscompletedindays,thesecondaryprocessescanlastfordecades.Apreliminaryseriesoferosiontestsinanannularflumerevealeddemonstratedthebiogenicimpactintheearlystagesofsedimentformation.Surrogatematerialswereusedtosimulatethegoverningpropertiesofnaturalsoftsediments.

简介：水力的断裂是过去常从水库刺激uid生产的一种强大的技术。充分3-D水力的断裂进程的数字模拟对这种技术的effcient应用程序很重要，但是因为，也是大挑战强壮的非线性的联合在之间粘滞uid和破裂繁殖的ow。由利用一个连贯的地区方法模仿破裂过程，一个有限元素模型基于存在毛孔压力，连贯的有限元素被建立了在无限的有弹性的媒介调查塑造便士的水力的破裂的繁殖。水力的破裂行为上的连贯的材料参数和uid粘性的效果被调查了。在破裂过程被岩石破裂坚韧统治的限制案例的有限元素结果和分析答案之间的优秀同意表明连贯的地区的能力在为这个案例模仿水力的破裂生长的有限元素模型。

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简介：Inordertoevaluatethevalidityofcommonlyusedformulaedescribingerosionanddepositionofcohesivesedimentsfortheirapplicationwithinnumericalsimulations,acombinedexperimentalandnumericalinvestigationiscarriedout.Anannularflumeisusedforexperimentsonerosionanddepositionofreservoirmuds.Theresultsoftheseexperimentsserveasvalidationdatafortheformulaeinconsideration.Forthisvalidation,theexperimentsarereproducedwithinanumericalsimulation,whichconsistsoftwoparts:Inafirststep,theflowintheannularflumeissimulatedwithina3Dlargeeddysimulation.Theflowfieldsobtainedinthesesimulationsthenserveasinputforthesecondstep,adecoupled2DVsimulationoferosionanddepositionprocessesduringtheexperiments.TheinvestigatedformulaearethoseofPartheniadesandParchure&MehtaconcerningerosionandofKroneandRichardson&Zakiconcerningdeposition.

简介：Highconcentrationlayerofcohesivesedimentfrequentlyoccursinmuddyestuariesandcoastalzones,andcausesrapidsiltationofthewaterways.Aonedimensionalverticalcoupledmodeldescribingtheinteractionsbetweenwaves,currentsandsuspendedcohesivesedimentisdevelopedinthepresentpaper.Thenumericalresultsandanalyseswithfieldmeasurementsrevealthemechanismoftheformationandtransportbehaviorsofthelayerundertheactionofwavesandcurrents.

简介：Theinteractionbetweenthewaveandfluidmudlayerplaysanimportantroleinthedevelopmentofsiltcoast.Sedimentisessentiallytransportedintheformofrheologicalflowofmudlayerunderthewaveaction,andontheotherhand,thefluidmudlayerdampsthewaveconsiderably.Thispaperstudiesthelawsofwaveenergydissipationandmudbeddeformation,andthemovementofmudlayerthroughlaboratoryexperiments.Theresultsshowthatthewaveenergydissipationfollowsanexponentiallawalongthepropagationdistance.Thebulkdensityofthemudlayeraffectstherateofthewaveenergydissipationgreatly.Thewavedampingcoefficient(Ki)isafuctionofthemuddensityaffectedgreatlybytherelativewaveheight(H/h).Analysisalsoindicatesthatthemuddensityaffecttherateofmudtransportandthemovingvelocity(Vmax)ofthesurfacemudisinverselyproportionaltothemuddensity.Boththerelativewaveheight(H/h)andwave-dampingcoefficient(Ki)areproportionaltotheVmax.Analysisalsoshowsthatthemudtransportrate(Tr)isproportionaltothewavedampingrate(1-H0/H15),therelativewaveheight(H/h),andinverselyproportionaltothevolumeconcentration(Cv)anddimensionlesscoefficientofH/gT2.

简介：AMonteCarlosimulation,withtheenergeticsdescribedbytheembeddedatommethod,hasbeenemployedtostudythephysicalbehaviourofboronatomsduringrelaxationoftheNi3AlBxgrainboundary,IthasalsobeenusedtocalculatenotonlythepeakconcentrationsofNiandBandthevalleyconcentrationofAlatthegrainboundary,butalsothedependenceofthegrainboundarycohesionontheBbulkconcentration.DuringrelaxationofimpureNi3Algrainboundaries,wesuggestthat,asthesegregatingspecies,theBatomseitherinsertintointersticesinthegrainboundaryorsubstituteNiatoms.Meanwhile,astheinducingspecies,theyinduceNiatomstosubstituteforAlatoms.Calculationsshowthatintheequilibrium,whentheBbulkconcentrationxincreasesfrom0.1to0.9thepeakconcentrationofBincreases,thepeakconcentrationofNimaximizeswhilethevalleyconcentrationofAlminimizesatx=0.5,Thecalculationsalsoshowthebestcohesionofthegrainboundaryatx=0.5。

简介：连贯的沉积巩固在压力领域和水坝和水库的渗出物地里引起显著变化，由于在沉积的干燥密度的变化。这研究分析了连贯的沉积，和巩固机制的物理化学的特征在巩固的起始的阶段期间为密度开发一个动态模型和地位公式。斜槽实验然后用连贯、非连贯的沉积样品被进行由把计算价值比作测量沉积压力验证导出的公式。另外，从一个水坝基础的渗出物上的沉积巩固的效果用ABAQUS软件被调查。这案例研究证明沉积的干燥密度在巩固(约65%全部的生长)的起始的阶段期间戏剧性地增加了，但是它在长过程的以后的阶段慢慢地增加了。在上游的反渗出物墙的水头实质地在水坝后面由于自然毛毯被削弱。

简介：Regardlessofallkindsofdifferentformulaeusedforthetraction-separationrelationshipincohesivezonemodeling,thepeaktractionσ_mandtheseparation-to-failureδ_0(orequivalentlythework-to-separationΓ)aretheprimaryparameterswhichcontroltheinterfacialfracturebehaviors.Experimentally,itishardtodeterminethosequantities,especiallyforδ_0,whichoccursinaverylocalizedregionwithpossiblycomplicatedgeometriesbymaterialfailure.BasedontheDugdalemodel,weshowthatthesepa...