简介:Withthetechnologicaldevelopmentofexploitationandseparation,theprimarysourceoflithiumhasgraduallychangedfromoretobrine,whichhasbecomethemainrawmaterial,accountingformorethan80%ofthetotalproduction.Resourcesoflithium-bearingbrineareabundantinChina.Thispaperhassummarizedthespatialandtemporaldistribution,characteristics,andformationmechanismofthelithium-richbrineinChina,aimingtoprovideacomprehensivesetofguidelinesforfuturelithiumexploitationfrombrines.Lithiumbrinesusuallyexistinmodemsalinelakesanddeepundergroundsedimentaryrocksassubsurfacebrines.ThemetallogenicepochofChina'slithium-richbrinespansfromtheTriassictotheQuaternary,andthesebrinesexhibitobviousregionaldistributioncharacteristics.Modemlithium-richsalinelakesarepredominatelylocatedintheQinghai-TibetPlateau.Incomparison,thesubsurfacelithium-richbrinesaremainlydistributedinthesedimentarybasinsofSichuan,Hubei,Jiangxi,andthewesternpartoftheQaidamBasin.Lithium-richsalinelakesarechloride-enriched,sulfate-enriched,andcarbonateenriched,whilethedeeplithium-richbrinesaremainlychloride-enriched.Onthewhole,thevalueofMg/Liindeepbrineisgenerallylowerthanthatofbrineinsalinelakes.Thegenesisoflithium-richbrinesinChinaisnotuniform,generallytherearetwoprocesses,whicharerespectivelysuitableforsaltlakesanddeepbrine.
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简介:分别对桉木浆纤维和棉浆纤维进行TEMPO(2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-1-氧化物自由基)氧化,并采用原位复合法,将TEMPO氧化后的桉木浆纤维和棉浆纤维与前躯体溶液CdCl2和Na2S进行反应,制备了TEMPO氧化纤维素/CdS纳米复合材料。利用原子吸收光谱(AAS)、扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和原子力显微镜(AFM)对纳米复合材料进行表征。结果表明,TEMPO氧化后的桉木浆纤维和棉浆纤维复合的Cd2+含量均较高,复合的CdS颗粒为立方晶型;TEMPO氧化桉木浆纤维上复合的CdS颗粒粒径为50~100nm,TEMPO氧化棉浆纤维上复合的CdS颗粒粒径为50nm左右。与TEMPO氧化桉木浆纤维相比,TEMPO氧化棉浆纤维上复合的CdS晶粒尺寸更小、分布更均一。
简介:NutrientandChlorophyll-a(Chl-a)concentrationswereinvestigatedmonthlyalongthreetransectsextendingfromamaricultureareatoopenwatersaroundtheZhangziIslandareafromJulytoDecember2009.Theobjectiveofthisstudyistoillustratefoodavailabilitytothebottom-sowedscallopPatinopectenyessoensisundertheinfluencesoftheYellowSeaColdWaterMass(YSCWM),freshwaterinputandfeedbacksofcultivatedscallops.SignificantthermalstratificationwaspresentinopenwatersfromJulytoOctober,andsalinitydecreasedinJulyandAugustinsurfacelayersinthemariculturearea.Nutrientconcentrationsincreasedwithdepthinbothareasinsummer,butweresimilarthroughwatercolumninNovemberandDecember.Onaverage,nutrientincreasedfromsummertoautumninallcomponentsexceptammonia.Nutrientconcentrationslowerthantheminimumthresholdsforphytoplanktongrowthwerepresentonlyinupperlayersinsummer,butstoichiometricnitrogenlimitationexistedintheentireinvestigationperiod.Column-averagedChl-aconcentrationwaslowerinopenwatersthaninmaricultureareainallmonths.ItincreasedsignificantlyinmaricultureareainAugustandOctober,andwaslessvariableinopenwaters.OurresultsshowthatnutrientslimitationtophytoplanktongrowthispresentmainlyinupperlayerinassociationwithstratificationcausedbyYSCWMinsummer.FreshwaterinputandupwellingofnutrientsaccumulatedinYSCWMcanstimulatephytoplanktonproductioninmariculturearea.FarmingactivitiesmaychangestoichiometricnutrientratiosbuthavelessinfluenceonChl-aconcentration.