简介：Inthisstudy,anelectronmicroprobeanalyzer(EMPA)wasusedtomapthespatialdistributionandtheoccurrenceofinvisiblegoldinpyritefromtheLiulinchagoldorebelt.EPMAdatashowthatgoldmainlyoccursassubmicroscopic-microscopicinclusions.FromthecontrastofthemajorguideelementsofpyritefromtheLiulinchagoldorebeltandthosefromfourhydrothermal-typegolddepositsintheJiaodongregion,wecanseethepyriteswereformedintwostages:thepyritefromwallrockismainlysedimentogenic,withsimplestructure;andthepyritefromorebodyexperiencedearlysedimentaryprocesstolatehydrothermalactivity,thepyriteisregularincrystalformandexhibitsfracturedstructure.

简介：Nine5-aryl-2-methyloxazolederivativesweresynthesizedviagold-catalyzedalkyneoxidation.AllofthecompoundshavebeenscreenedfortheirantiproliferativeactivitiesagainstMCF-7cell(humanbreastcarcinoma),A549cell(humanlungcarcinoma)andHelacell(humancervicalcarcinoma)linesinvitro.Theresultsrevealedthatcompounds1b,1cand1dexhibitedstronginhibitoryactivitiesagainsttheMCF-7celllines(withIC50valuesof4.6,9.7and2.2mmol/L,respectively).

简介：Directmeasurementofsliplengthisbasedonthemeasuredfluidvelocitynearsolidboundary.However,previousmicroparticleimagevelocimetry/particletrackingvelocimetry(microPIV/PTV)measurementshavereportedsurprisinglylargemeasurednear-wallvelocitiesofpressure-drivenflowinapparentcontradictionwiththeno-sliphy-pothesisandexperimentalresultsfromothertechniques.TobetterinterpretthemeasuredresultsofthemicroPIV/PTV,weperformedvelocityprofilemeasurementsnearahy-drophilicwall(z=0.25-1.5μm)withtwosizesoftracerparticles(φ50nmandφ200nm).Theexperimentalresultsindicatethat,atlessthan1μmfromthewall,thedeviationsbetweenthemeasuredvelocitiesandno-sliptheoreticalvaluesobviouslydecreasefrom93%ofφ200nmparticlesto48%ofφ50nmparticles.TheBoltzmann-likeexponentialmeasuredparticleconcentrationsnearwallwerefound.BasedonthenonlinearBoltzmanndistributionofparticleconcentrationandtheeffectivefocusplanethickness,weillustratedthereasonoftheapparentvelocityincreasenearwallandproposedamethodtocorrectthemeasuredvelocityprofile.Bythismethod,thedeviationsbetweenthecorrectedmeasuredvelocitiesandtheno-sliptheoreticalvelocitydecreasefrom45.8%to10%,andthemeasuredsliplengthonhy-drophilicglassisrevisedfrom75nmto16nm.TheseresultsindicatedthattheparticlesizeandthebiasedparticleconcentrationdistributioncansignificantlyaffectnearwallvelocitymeasurementviamicroPIV/PTV,andresultinlargermeasuredvelocityandsliplengthclosetowall.

简介：传导性的碳nanotubes(CNT)或或者，polyaniline(PANI)nano块被介绍进聚乙烯化合物的酒精(PVA)和铜(II)盐的水的答案，帮助铜(II)的减小离子并且产生的铜nanoparticles抛锚到传导性的块上。nano块，铜(II)盐和PVA的混合答案是纺纱涂的到阴极表面上，形成肿的阴极电影(SCF)。在这部电影的铜(II)离子集合了到传导性的块的表面上并且然后在适当电压下面被减少。铜nanoparticles仅仅在传导性的块的表面上成长了，是重要的。充当了composites的矩阵的PVA在稳定产生的铜nanoparticles起了一个作用。这些聚合合成电影的形态学被各种各样的描述方法学习。而且，铜(II)的移植的机制离子，这些聚合composites的形成，和全面过程详细被调查。

简介：Objective:Laser-inducedCoulombexplosionofgoldnanoparticlesforbreastcancerhasbeenstudiedbynanophotolysistechnique.Thisstudyaimedtoinvestigatewhetherlaser-inducedbubbleformationduetoCoulombexplosioncanprovideaneffectiveapproachforselectivedamageofbreastcancerwithgoldnanoparticles.Method:Numericalmethodinvolveslaser-inducedCoulombexplosionofgoldnanoparticles.Differentparametersrelatedtonanophotolysissuchaslaserfluence,tumordepth,clusterradius,laserpulseduration,andbubbleformationisstudiednumerically.NumericalsimulationwasperformedusingMatlab.Results:Thegoldnanoparticlesof10,20,30,40,and50nminradiuscouldpenetrateintotumor1.14,1.155,1.189,1.20and1.22cmindepthrespectively.Themaximumpenetrationdepthintumorcouldbeobtainedwithnanoparticlesof50nmradius.Shortlaserpulseof40nswithnanoparticlesof10nmradiuscouldpenetrateintotumor1.14cmindepth.Bubbleswitharadiusof9μmcouldeffectivelykillbreastcancercellswithoutdamaginghealthyones.Thebubbleradiusincreasedfrom4to9μmwithanincreaseinpulsedurationintherangeof10to30ns.Conclusions:Goldnanoparticleswithincreasingradiusandbubbleformationforselectivedamageofbreastcancercellsaresuccessfullyprobed.Thepresentcalculatedresultsarecomparedwithotherexperimentalfindings,andgoodcorrelationisfoundbetweenthepresentworkandpreviousexperimentalvalues.Itwasdemonstratedthatbubbleformationintumormayfurtherincreasetheefficacyofbreastcancertreatment.

简介：TheSanshenjianggolddepositinsoutheasternGuizhouProvince,China,ishostedbytheNeoproterozoicmetasedimentaryrockswhichexperiencedlow-gradegreenschistfaciesmetamorphism.GoldmineralizationoccursmainlyintheribbonchilternslateofthefirstmemberoftheLongliFormationandiscontrolledbybothstrataandfaults.Orebodiesarecharacterizedbyabundantquartz-arsenopyrite-gold-pyrite-beddingveins,veinletsandsmalllenseswithintheshearzone.Inthisstudy,traceelementandREEgeochemistrywasanalyzedtoconstraintheoriginandgenesisofthisdeposit.Thetraceelementsignaturesofwallrocksandveinsdisplayabasicallysimilartendencyinthespiderdiagram,showingthegeneticrelationship.ThevaluesofCo/Ni,Y/Ho,Hf/Sm,Nb/LaandTh/LareflectthatthehydrothermalfluidsofthisdepositwerederivedfromthemixtureofmultiplesourceswithmarkedenrichmentofClandmoderatetohightemperature.Thereisabroadsimilarityinthechondrite-normalizedpatternsandREEfractionationbetweenwallrocksandorebodies,possiblyreflectingtheirsimilarorigin.BasedonthedifferenceinδCeandδEu,quartzveinsandlensescanbesubdividedintoweaklynegativeCe-anomalies(δCe=0.81to1.06)withslightEuanomalies(δEu=0.81to1.06)typeandthesignificantpositiveCe-anomalies(δCe=1.13to1.97)withmoderatenegativeEu-anomaliestype,probablysuggestingphysical-chemicalchangesintheevolutionprocessofore-formingfluidsfromtheearlytolatestage.Itcanbeconcludedthattheore-formingprocessmayhaveexperiencedthreestages:formationoftheoriginaloresourcebed,regionalmetamorphismandgoldmineralization,onthebasisoftraceelementandREEanalysisandfieldobservation.

简介：Bimetalliccobalt-rutheniumnanocatalystssupportedoncarbonnanotubes(CNTs)arepreparedusingmicroemultiontechniquewithwater-to-surfactantratiosof0.5—1.5.ThenanocatalystswereextensivelycharacterizedbydifferentmethodsandtheiractivityandselectivityinFischer-Tropschsynthesis(FTS)havebeenassessedinafixed-bedmicroreactor.Thephysicochemicalpropertiesandperformanceofthenanocatalystswerecomparedwiththecatalystpreparedbyimpregnationmethod.Verynarrowparticlesizedistributionhasbeenproducedbythemicroemulsiontechniqueatrelativelyhighloadingsofactivemetals(15wt%Coand1wt%Ru).AccordingtoTEMimages,smallCoparticles(2—7nm)weremostlyconfinedinsidetheCNTs.Comparingwiththecatalystpreparedbyimpregnation,theuseofmicroemulsiontechniquewithwatertosurfactantratioof0.5decreasedtheaveragecobaltoxideparticlesizeto4.8nm,thedispersionwasalmostdoubledandthereductionincreasedby28%.Activityandselectivitywerefoundtobedependentonthecatalystpreparationmethodandwater-to-surfactantratio(aswellascobaltparticlesizes).COconversionincreasedfrom59.1%to75.1%andtheFTSrateincreasedfrom0.291to0.372gHC/(gcath).C5+liquidhydrocarbonsselectivitydecreasedfrom92.4%to87.6%.

简介：Cadmiumzincleadsulfide[Cd0.8(Zn1-x,Pbx)0.2S]nano-powderswerepreparedbyanimprovedcoprecipitationmethod.TheeffectofPb2+concentrationat500ConthephaseandcrystallinestructureoftheCd0.8(Zn1-x,Pbx)0.2SpowderswereinvestigatedbyX-raydiffraction(XRD).Accordingtothetransmissionelectronmicroscopy(TEM)images,theparticlessizeareintherangeof58nmto72nm.Inaddition,opticalbandgapenergyandopticalconstantsofnano-powdersweredeterminedusingtheultraviolet(UV)spectrum,Fourniertransforminfraredspectroscopy(FTIR),andKramers-Kroniganalysis,respectively.Wecalculatetherefractiveindexn,extinctioncoefficientk,anddielectricfunctionεasafunctionofthewavenumber.TheexperimentresultsdemonstratethattheamountofPb+2hasbeenplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleonopticalpropertiesofCZPSnanocrystals.

简介：Thenonlineardynamicandstaticdeflectionofamicro/nanogyroscopeunderDCvoltagesandbaserotationareinvestigated.Thegyroscopeundertakestwocoupledbendingmotionsalongthedriveandsensedirectionsandsubjectedtoelectrostaticactuationsandintermolecularforces.Thenonlineargoverningequationsofmotionforthesystemwiththee?ectofelectrostaticforce,intermoleculartractionsandbaserotationarederivedusingextendedHamiltonprinciple.Underconstantvoltage,thegyroscopefindsthepreformedshape.First,thedeflectionofthemicro/nanogyroscopeunderelectrostaticforcesisobtainedbystaticanddynamicanalyses.Furthermore,thestaticanddynamicinstabilityofthesystemareinvestigated.Afterwardtheoscillatorybehaviorofthepre-deformedmicro/nanogyroscopearoundequilibriumisstudied.Thee?ectsofintermolecularandnonlinearparametersonthestaticanddynamicdeflection,naturalfrequenciesandinstabilityofthemicro/nanogyroscopearestudied.Thepresentedmodelcanbeusedtoexactlydeterminestaticandthedynamicbehaviorofvibratorymicro/nanogyroscopes.

简介：Thepurposeofthisstudywastoevaluatethelongtimeantibacterialpropertiesandshearbondstrengthofexperimentalnanosilver-containingcements(NSC).Nanosilverbaseinorganicantibacterialpowderwasaddedtothereinforcedglassionomercementatfivedifferentweightratiostoobtainaseriesofnanosilver-containingcements,thentheantibacterialpropertiesofthreeorthodonticcementproductsandfiveNSCsampleswereevaluatedbythedirectcontacttest(DCT)andtheagardiffusiontest(ADT).TheDCT,whichwasbasedonturbidnessdeterminationofbacterialgrowthin96-wellmicrotiterplates,wasperformedinbothfreshandagedfor1day,1week,2weeks,3weeks,4weeks,6weeks,and8weekstestedmaterials.TheshearbondstrengthesofthreeorthodonticcementproductsandfiveNSCsampleswereexaminedusingauniversaltestingmachine.TheADTresultsindicatedthattherewerenosignificantdifferencesbetweenNSCsandORTHOLCfreshspecimens.IntheDCTexperiment,allfreshsilvernanoparticles-containingtestedsamplespresentedpowerfulantibacterialproperties,buttheygraduallylosttheeffectiveantimicrobialagentswiththeextensionofagingtime.Finally,noneofthetestedmaterialsmaintaineditsantibacterialpropertyafteragingfor8weeks.Agraduallydecreasingtrendofbondstrengthpresentedwiththeincreasingincorporationofnanosilverbaseinorganicantibacterialpowderintotheglassionomercement,eventhoughallthetestedmaterialspecimensreachedtheidealbondstrengthrange.WemayconcludethatNSCscancontributetodecreasethedemineralizationratearoundbracketswithoutcompromisingbondstrength.

简介：Au/Ce1xZrxO2catalysts(x=0-0.8)werepreparedbyadeposition-precipitationmethodusingCe1xZrxO2nanoparticlesassupportswithvariableCeandZrcontents.TheirstructureswerecharacterizedbycomplimentarymeanssuchasX-raydiffraction,Raman,scanningtransmissionelectronmicroscopyandX-rayphotoelectronspectroscopy(XPS).TheseAucatalystspossessedsimilarsizesandcrystallinephasesofCe1xZrxO2supportsaswellassimilarsizesandoxidationstatesofAunanoparticles.TheoxidationstateofAunanoparticleswasdominatedbyAu0especiallyinCOoxidation.TheiractivitieswereexaminedinCOoxidationatdifferenttemperaturesintherangeof303333K.TheCOoxidationratesnormalizedperAuatomsincreasedwiththeincreasingCecontents,andreachedthemaximumvalueoverAu/CeO2.Suchchangewasinparallelwiththechangeintheoxygenstoragecapacityvalues,i.e.theamountsofactiveoxygenspeciesonAu/Ce1xZrxO2catalysts.TheexcellentcorrelationbetweenthetwopropertiesofthecatalystssuggeststhattheintrinsicsupporteffectsontheCOoxidationratesisrelatedtotheeffectsontheadsorptionandactivationofO2onAu/Ce1xZrxO2catalysts.SuchunderstandingonthesupporteffectsmaybeusefulfordesigningmoreactiveAucatalysts,forexample,bytuningtheredoxpropertiesofoxidesupports.

简介：Sulphonatednano-structuredmicro-porousionexchangepolymers,knownassulphonatedPolyHIPEPolymers(s-PHPs)wereusedinsyngascleaningtoinvestigatetheirimpactontarcomposition,concentrationanddewpointdepressionduringthegasificationoffuelcanebagasseasamodelbiomass.Theresultsshowedthatthes-PHPsusedasasecondarysyngastreatmentsystem,washighlyeffectiveatadsorbingandreducingtheconcentrationofallclassoftarsinsyngasby95%-80%whichresultedintardewpointdepressionfrom90℃to73℃.Itwasshownthattarsunderwentchemicalreactionswithins-PHPs,indicatingthattardiffusionfromsyngaswasdrivenbychemicalpotential.Itwasalsoobservedthats-PHPsalsocapturedashformingelementsfromsyngas.Theuseofs-PHPsingasificationaswellasinanintegratedthermochemicalbiorefinerytechnologyisdiscussedsincethetarloadeds-PHPscanbeusedasnaturalherbicidesintheformofsoiladditivestoenhancethebiomassgrowthandcropyield.

简介：Ahighlyeffcientandgeneralmethodforthesynthesisofpolyfunctionalized4H-pyransisestablishedthroughaone-potmulticomponentcyclocondensationofaromaticaldehydeswithCHacids,malononitrileandethylacetoacetateusingnanosilicasupportedtin(II)chlorideasacatalyst.InthismethodSnCl2/nanoSiO2wasusedasgreenandreusablecatalyst.Excellentyields,shortreactiontimes,simpleworkup,andinexpensivenessandcommerciallyavailabilityofthecatalystaretheadvantagesofthismethod.

简介：hard-core/soft-shell钙碳酸盐(CaCO3)的合成/poly(甲基methacrylate)(PMMA)混合结构化的nanoparticles(<100nm)由把分裂成原子的微乳液聚合，过程被报导。聚合物链通过acoupling代理人的使用被抛锚到nano-CaCO3的表面上，triethoxyvinylsilane(TEVS)。铵persulfate(APS)，钠dodecyl硫酸盐(SDS)和n-pentanol分别地被用作开始者，表面活化剂和cosurfactant。coreshell乳胶粒子的聚合机制被讨论。由PMMA的nano-CaCO3的封装用一台传播电子显微镜(TEM)被证实。coreshell粒子的grafting百分比被thermogravimetric分析(TGA)调查。nano-CaCO3/PMMAcoreshell粒子被Fourier变换描绘红外线(FTIR)光谱学和微分扫描热量测定(DSC)。FTIR结果在nano-CaCO3粒子和PMMA的接口揭示了一个强壮的相互作用的存在，它成功地暗示聚合物链是grafted到通过联合代理人的连接的nano-CaCO3粒子的表面上。另外，TGA和DSC结果与纯nano-PMMA的相比显示了coreshell材料的热稳定性的改进。nano-CaCO3/PMMA粒子被混合进聚丙烯(PP)矩阵由融化处理。它能也用扫描PMMA锁住的电子显微镜学(SEM)被观察grafted在聚合物矩阵(PP矩阵)防碍到CaCO3nanoparticles上CaCO3的聚集并且因此与PP矩阵改进CaCO3nanoparticles的相容性。