简介：外壳的压力地在地球动力学研究容纳重要职务，例如在板运动模拟，Qinghai-Xizang(西藏)高原和地震准备和出现高举。然而，大多数外壳的压力研究特别地在压力方向的决心上强调，与目前在压力大小上被做的小学习。在从地质、地球物理、许多其他的方面在压力大小研究上考察想法以后，在大地震和地震破裂的压力落下张肌前后根据压力方向的偏转在来源区域估计压力大小的一个方法被开发了。建议方法能被平均明显的压力也在大地震前后补充。在大地震前后的压力方向偏转能被前震和余震和地震来源产生的压力落下领域的巨大的焦点的机制转换能被地震的破裂的详细分发计算。在它的大小和方向被知道的地方，数学关系然后能在压力落下领域之间被构造并且在大地震前后的压力张肌在它的方向被知道，但是大小是未知的的地方，从而获得压力大小。在大地震前后的平均明显的压力能被使用散发的精力和到应力的前震和余震和不同回答的地震时刻张肌掉的宽带的目录获得。这种关系在大地震前导致压力大小的另一个评价。压力大小和它的错误被联合二个方法抑制，它为geodyuamics学习提供新限制。

简介：基于中国数字地震网络在最近的年里报导的地震目录，我们与表面波浪大小和本地大小选择地震并且适合他们进在二大小之间的一种关系。系统的差别从被用于30年的公式被发现。因为一个大动态范围和当前的数字观察系统的宽频率范围，除了与以前相比被使用的很多车站和地震，在这份报纸获得的关系似乎更可靠。我们的计算证明在大小变换前后没有重要差别因此我们建议大小变换的放弃。一个车站的地点反应在不同频率由扩大组成。扩大等于大约1并且在位于地下室的车站与频率改变很少岩石，和它在低频率范围比1大，不到1在位于沉积层的车站在高频率变化。来自位于沉积层的单个车站的大小和从整个网络的平均大小之间的差别增加从对否定与时期积极。看起来没有固定车站修正因素，车站修正方法不工作改进精确性和大小估计。

简介：TheorderofmagnitudeofmultipleFouriercoefficientsofcomplexvaluedfunctionsofgeneralizedboundedvariationslike(Λ1,,ΛN)BV(p)andr-BV,over[0,2π]N,areestimated.

简介：Using116earthquakesoverML3.8intheInnerMongoliaregionfrom2008to2015,thelocalearthquakemagnitudeMLandsurfacewavemagnitudeMSareremeasured.Basedonnormlinearregression(SR1andSR2)andnorm(OR)orthogonalregressionmethod,weestablishedtheconversionrelationshipbetweenMLandMS.TheresultsweretestedwithGaussiandisturbance.Theresultshowsthattheorthogonalregressionmethod(OR)resulthasthebestfittingcurve,andtheconversionrelationisMS=0.96ML-0.10.ThedifferencebetweenourresultandGuoLücan's(MS=1.13ML-1.08)maybecausedbyregionaltectoniccharacteristics.MSInnerMongoliavalueissignificantlyhigherthantheMSempiricalvalue,withanaveragedifferenceof0.23,thedifferencedistributionofempiricalrelationandtherectifiedrelationisintherangeof0.2-0.3.

简介：Thispaperdealswiththepredictionofpotentiallymaximummagnitudeandorigintimeforreservoirinducedseismicity(RIS).ThefactorandsignofseismologyandgeologyofRIShasbeenstudied,andtheinformationquantityformagnitudeofinducedseismicityprovidedbythemhasbeencalculated.Intermsofinformationquan-titythebiggestpossiblemagnitudeofRISisdetermined.Thechangesofseismicfrequencywithtimearestudiedusinggreymodelmethod,andthetimeofthebiggestchangerateistakenasoriginaltimeofthemainshock.ThefeasibilityofmethodsforpredictingmagnitudeandtimehasbeentestedforthereservoirinducedseismicityintheXinfengjiangreservoir,ChinaandtheKoynareservoir,India.

简介：ＥｘｐｅｃｔｅｄｍａｇｎｉｔｕｄｅａｎｄｄｉｓｔａｎｃｅｏｆｐｏｔｅｎｔｉａｌｓｏｕｒｃｅａｒｅａａｎｄｔｈｅｅｓｔｉｍａｔｉｎｇｍｅｔｈｏｄＭｅｎｇ－ＴｔａｎＧＡＯ（高孟潭）（ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＧｅｏｐｈｙｓｉｃｓ，ＳｔａｔｅＳｅｉｓｍｏｌｏｇ...

简介：Usingthedatasetof20±2secand(A/T)maxofsurfacewavesrecordedbyType-763andType-SKseismographsfromfivestationsinBeijingandelsewhere,themeansquaredeviationsuandrelativemeandeviationsDofMsvaluesdeterminedbyfivecalibrationfunctions(a,a763,a300aNandfromMsz(NEIS)arecomparedandanalyzed.Resultsshowthataanda763arerathergoodbetween20°and160°;anda763arerathergoodbetween10and30for20sec;a300isrelativelygoodbetween160and179.

简介：Abinaural-loudness-model-basedmethodforevaluatingthespatialdiscriminationthresholdofmagnitudesofhead-relatedtransferfunction(HRTF)isproposed.Astheinputofthebinauralloudnessmodel,theHRTFmagnitudevariationscausedbyspatialpositionvariationswerefirstlycalculatedfromahigh-resolutionHRTFdataset.Then,threeperceptualrelevantparameters,namelyinterauralloudnessleveldifference,binauralloudnesslevelspectra,andtotalbinauralloudnesslevel,werederivedfromthebinauralloudnessmodel.Finally,thespatialdiscriminationthresholdsofHRTFmagnitudewereevaluatedaccordingtojust-noticedifferenceoftheabove-mentionedperceptual-relevantparameters.AseriesofpsychoacousticexperimentswasalsoconductedtoobtainthespatialdiscriminationthresholdofHRTFmagnitudes.Resultsindicatethatthethresholdderivedfromtheproposedbinaural-loudness-modelbasedmethodisconsistentwiththatobtainedfromthetraditionalpsychoacousticexperiment,validatingtheeffectivenessoftheproposedmethod.

简介：ＣｕｍｕｌａｔｉｖｅｆｒｅｑｕｅｎｃｙｂｖａｌｕｅｗｉｔｈｏｕｔｕｐｐｅｒｂｏｕｎｄｍａｇｎｉｔｕｄｅａｎｄｉｔｓｒｅｇｒｅｓｓｉｏｎｄｅｔｅｒｍｉｎａｔｉｏｎＪｉａｎ－ＷｅｎＳＨＥＮ（沈建文）（ＳｅｉｓｍｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌＢｕｒｅａｕｏｆＡｎｈｕｉＰ...

简介：作者小心地与M_L=4.0～选择了地震5.0，215在台湾区域发生在外壳中。福建数字网络记录的最大的排水量的变细特征被多分析如下获得了：记载2.07+231.1/⊿(150km≤⊿≤650km)和刻度功能的相应表示是的=，R(⊿)=3.45-231.1(1/⊿-0.01)(150km≤⊿≤650km)然后，作者用为从September1997～2005年8月在台湾区域发生在外壳中的790地震在第1997a上述公式向前带的刻度函数从福建网络与数据决定了大小和它的错误。结果显示网络的平均误差与前者是0.20并且0.18与后者。平均误差与有车站修正的后者是0.13。与台湾地震学者决定的大小相比，有前者的大小价值平均在0.50是更低的，那平均在0.08与后者是更高的。

简介：Faultparametersareimportantinearthquakehazardanalysis.Inthispaper,theoreticalrelationshipsbetweenmomentmagnitudeandfaultparametersincludingsubsurfacerupturelength,downdiprupturewidth,rupturearea,andaverageslipoverthefaultsurfacearededucedbasedonseismologicaltheory.Thesetheoreticalrelationshipsarefurthersimplifiedbyapplyingsimilarityconditionsandanuniqueformisestablished.Then,combiningthcsimplifiedtheoreticalrelationshipsbetweenmomentmagnitudeandfaultparameterswithseismicsourcedataselectedinthisstudy,apracticalsemi-empiricalrelationshipisestablished.Theseismicsourcedataselectedisalsotousedtoderiveempiricalrelationshipsbetweenmomentmagnitudeandfaultparametersbytheordinaryleastsquareregressionmethod.Comparisonsbetweensemi-empiricalrelationshipsandempiricalrelationshipsshowthattheformerdepictdistributiontrendsofdatabetterthanthelatter.Itisalsoobservedthatdowndiprupturewidthsofstrikeslipfaultsaresaturatedwhenmomentmagnitudeismorethan7.0,butdowndiprupturewidthsofdipslipfaultsarenotsaturatedinthemomentmagnituderangesofthisstudy.

简介：Background:Thelargepotentialofthesoilorganiccarbon(SOC)pooltosequesterCO2fromtheatmospherecouldgreatlyamelioratetheeffectoffutureclimatechange.However,thequantityofcarbonstoredinterrestrialsoilslargelydependsuponthemagnitudeofSOCmineralization.SOCmineralizationconstitutesanimportantpartofthecarboncycle,andisdrivenbymanybiophysicalvariables,suchastemperatureandmoisture.Methods:Soilsamplesofapineforest,anoakforest,andapineandoakmixedforestwereincubatedfor387daysunderconditionswithsixtemperaturesettings(5°C,10°C,15°C,20°C,25°C,30°C)andthreelevelsofsoilmoisturecontent(SMC,30%,60%,90%).TheinstantaneousrateofmineralizedSOCwasperiodicallyandautomaticallymeasuredusingaLi-CorCO2analyzer.BasedonthemeasuredamountofmineralizedSOC,carbonfractionswereestimatedseparatelyviafirst-orderkineticone-andtwo-compartmentmodels.Results:Duringthe387dayincubationexperiment,accumulativemineralizedcarbonrangedfrom22.89mgcarbon(C)·g-1SOCat30°Cand30%SMCforthemixedforestto109.20mgC·g-1SOCat15°Cand90%SMCfortheoakforest.Mineralizedrecalcitrantcarbonvariedfrom18.48mgC·g-1SOCat30°Cand30%SMCforthemixedforestto104.98mgC·g-1SOCat15°Cand90%SMCfortheoakforest,andcontributedatleast80%tototalmineralizedcarbon.Conclusions:Basedontheresultsofthisexperiment,thesoilorganicmatterofthepurebroadleavedforestismorevulnerabletosoilmicrobialdegradationinnorthernChina;mostoftheamountofthemineralizedSOCderivedfromtherecalcitrantcarbonpool.Labilecarbonfractionconstitutesonaverage0.4%ofSOCacrossthethreeforesttypesandwasrapidlydigestedbysoilmicrobesintheearlyincubationstage.SOCmineralizationmarkedlyincreasedwithsoilmoisturecontent,andcorrelatedparabolicallytotemperaturewiththehighestvalueat15°C.Nosignificantinteractionwasdetectedamongthese

简介：Inthisarticle,theseismicrecordsofJapan’sKik-netareselectedtomeasuretheacceleration,displacement,andeffectivepeakaccelerationofeachseismicrecordwithinacertaintimeafterPwave,thenacontinuousestimationisgivenonearthquakeearlywarningmagnitudethroughstatisticalanalysismethod,andWenchuanearthquakerecordisutilizedtocheckthemethod.Theresultsshowthatthereliabilityofearthquakeearlywarningmagnitudecontinuouslyincreaseswiththeincreaseoftheseismicinformation,thebiggestresidualhappensiftheaccelerationisadoptedtofitearthquakemagnitude,whichmaybecausedbyrichhigh-frequencycomponentsandlargedispersionofpeakvalueinaccelerationrecord,theinfluencecausedbythehigh-frequencycomponentscanbeeffectivelyreducediftheeffectivepeakaccelerationandpeakdisplacementisadopted,itisestimatedthatthedispersionofearthquakemagnitudeobviouslyreduces,butitiseasyforpeakdisplacementtobeaffectedbylong-perioddrifting.Invariouscomponents,theresidualenlargementphenomenonatverticaldirectionisalmostunobvious,thusitisrecommendedinthisarticlethattheeffectivepeakaccelerationatverticaldirectionispreferredtoestimateearthquakeearlywarningmagnitude.ThroughadoptingWenchuanstrongearthquakerecordtocheckthemethodmentionedinthisarticle,itisfoundthatthismethodcanbeusedtoquickly,stably,andaccuratelyestimatetheearlywarningmagnitudeofthisearthquake,whichshowsthatthismethodiscompletelyapplicableforearthquakeearlywarning.

简介：SeismicityoftheEarth(MC4.5)wascompiledfromNEIC,IRISandISCcataloguesandusedtocomputeb-valuebasedonvarioustimewindows.Itisfoundthatcontinuouscyclicb-variationsoccuronbothlongandshorttimescales,thelatterbeingofmuchhighervalueandsometimesinexcessof0.7oftheabsoluteb-value.Thesevariationsoccurnotonlyyearlyormonthly,butalsodaily.Beforetheoccurrenceoflargeearthquakes,b-valuesstartincreasingwithvariablegradientsthatareaffectedbyforeshocks.Insomecases,thegradientisreducedtozeroortoanegativevalueafewdaysbeforetheearthquakeoccurrence.Ingeneral,calculatedb-valuesattainmaxima1daybeforelargeearthquakesandminimasoonaftertheiroccurrence.Bothlinearregressionandmaximumlikelihoodmethodsgivecorrelatable,butvariableresults.Itisfoundthatanexpandingtimewindowtechniquefromafixedstartingpointismoreeffectiveinthestudyofb-variations.Thecalculatedb-variationsforthewholeEarth,itshemispheres,quadrantsandtheepicentralregionsofsomelargeearthquakesareofbothlocalandregionalcharacter,whichmayindicatethatinsuchcases,thegeodynamicprocessesactingwithinacertainregionhaveamuchregionaleffectwithintheEarth.Theb-variationshavelongbeenknowntovarywithanumberoflocalandregionalfactorsincludingtectonicstresses.Theresultsreportedhereindicatethatgeotectonicstressremainsthemostsignificantfactorthatcontrolsb-variations.ItisfoundthatforearthquakeswithMwC7,anincreaseofabout0.20intheb-valueimpliesastressincreasethatwillresultinanearthquakewithamagnitudeoneunithigher.

简介：Thecorrelationofthescaledenergy,e?=Es/M0,versusearthquakemagnitude,Ms,isstudiedbasedontwomodels:(1)Model1basedontheuseofthetimefunctionoftheaveragedisplacements,withax-2sourcespectrum,acrossafaultplane;and(2)Model2basedontheuseofthetimefunctionoftheaveragedisplacements,withax-3sourcespectrum,acrossafaultplane.Forthesecondmodel,therearetwocases:(a)Ass*T,wheresistherisetimeandTtherupturetime,lg(e?)*-Ms;and(b)AssT,lg(e?)*-(1/2)Ms.Thesecondmodelleadstoanegativevalueofe?.ThismeansthatModel2cannotworkforstudyingthepresentproblem.TheresultsobtainedfromModel1suggestthatthesourcemodelisafactor,yetnotauniqueone,incontrollingthecorrelationofe?versusMs.

简介：

简介：BackgroundThisstudytestedthehypothesisthatmoderatealcoholintakeexertsitscardioprotectiveeffectmainlythroughanincreaseintheserumlevelofhigh-densitylipoproteincholesterol.MethodsandResultsIntheCohortofNorway(CONOR)study,149729adultparticipants,recruitedfrom1994to2003,werefollowedbylinkagetotheCauseofDeathRegistryuntil2006.Atrecruitment,questionnairedataonalcoholintakewerecollected,andtheconcentrationofhigh-densitylipoproteincholesterolinserumwasmeasured.UsingCoxregression,wefoundthattheadjustedhazardratioformenfordyingfromcoronaryheartdiseasewas0.52(95%confidenceinterval,0.39-0.69)whenconsumingalcoholmorethanonceaweekcomparedwithneverorrarely.Theratiochangedonlyslightly,to0.55(0.41-0.73),aftertheregressionmodelincludedtheserumlevelofhigh-densitycholesterol.Forwomen,thecorrespondinghazardratioswere0.62(0.32-1.23)and0.68(0.34-1.34),respectively.ConclusionsAlcoholintakeisrelatedtoareducedriskofdeathfromcoronaryheartdiseaseinthefollow-upofalarge,population-basedNorwegiancohortstudywithextensivecontrolforconfoundingfactors.Ourfindingssuggestthattheserumlevelofhigh-densitycholesterolisnotanimportantintermediatevariableinthepossiblecausalpathwaybetweenmoderatealcoholintakeandcoronaryheartdisease.

简介：

简介：TodeterminethestudyingregionofChinaTestingCenteroftheCollaboratoryfortheStudyofEarthquakePredictability(CSEP),weadoptedtheEntire-Magnitude-Range(EMR)methodtostudythespatialdistributionofminimummagnitudeofcompleteness(MC)intheNorth-SouthTrendingSeismicBelt(NSTSB)duringtheperiodfromOctober1,2008toMay31,2011.AlsobootstraptestingwasperformedtoestimatetheuncertaintyofMC,i.e.δMC.TheresultsshowthatMC(EMR)=1.6±0.03forthewholeregion.FromthespatialdistributionsofMCwefindthatMCisintherangeofML1.3～2.0formostregions.Specifically,thespatialdistributionofMCisconsistentwiththedistributionofstationsindicatinghighmonitoringlevelinthesouthernpartandlowmonitoringlevelinthenorthernpart.EventslocatedwithlessthanthreestationshavegreatinfluenceonMc.Moreover,theuncertaintyofminimummagnitudeofcompletenessδMCrangesfrom0.07to0.22.ThespatialdistributionofδMCagreeswiththeseismicrate.TheshortertimespanmaycauselargerδMC.

简介：WecompilearegionalcatalogueofearthquakeswithmomentmagnitudeoftheCenter-SouthernAsiatestarea(20°-35°N,85°-105°E)fortheGlobalSeismicHazardAssessmentProgram(GSHAP).Therearesignificantinhomogeneousanduncompleteddata,andnuniformityofearthquakemagnitudesinthistestareabecausethisregionissituatedontheboundariesofmanycountries,suchasChina,India,Nepal,Vietnam,etc.WeestablisharelationshipbetweenGutenbergsurface-wavemagnitudeandIASPEIsurface-wavemagnitude,whichcanbeusedforconversionofdifferentmagnitudescalesintomomentmagnitudeforthiscatalogue.AcatalogueofeventswithMw≥6.0ofthistestareaisgivenattheendofthispaper.