简介:某些疾病被知道引起变化在物理并且房间的biomechanical性质。这些在其它之中包括癌症,疟疾,和镰刀房间贫血症。典型地,如此的物理性质变化能导致房间僵硬的几褶层增加或减少,它是重要的并且能导致严重病理和最终的灾难的故障身体功能。当有时开发了生物化学、生物的试金检测疾病的发作或存在,总是有需要开发更快速、精确、敏感的方法检测并且诊断疾病。Biomechanical性质变化能起一个重要作用在这方面。因此,对疾病biomechanics的研究不能仅仅给我们位于疾病前进下面的机制的深入的知识,但是能也为察觉和诊断用作一个强大的工具。这篇文章提供一些卓见进机会因为在疾病的发作或前进期间在细胞的机械性质换掉怎么重要,能为察觉和诊断作为有用工具被利用。我们将也展示已经被开发了执行如此的察觉和诊断的几种技术。
简介:AIM:Toinvestigatethediagnosticaccuracyofthemeanplateletvolumeandplateletdistributionwidthinacuteappendicitis.METHODS:Thisretrospective,case-controlledstudycompared295patientswithacuteappendicitis(Group?Ⅰ),100patientswithotherintra-abdominalinfections(GroupⅡ),and100healthyindividuals(GroupⅢ)betweenJanuary2012andJanuary2013.Theage,gender,andwhitebloodcellcount,neutrophilpercentage,meanplateletvolume,andplateletdistributionwidthvaluesfrombloodsampleswerecomparedamongthegroups.StatisticalanalyseswereperformedusingSPSSforWindows21.0software.Inaddition,thesensitivity,specificity,positiveandnegativepredictivevaluesandlikelihoodratios,anddiagnosticaccuracywerecalculated.RESULTS:Themeanagesofpatientswere29.9±12.0yearsforGroup?Ⅰ,31.5±14.0yearsforGroupⅡ,and30.4±13.0yearsforGroupⅢ.Demographicfeaturessuchasageandgenderwerenotsignificantlydifferentamongthegroups.Whitebloodcellcount,neutrophilpercentageandplateletdistributionwidthweresignificantlyhigherinGroup?Ⅰ?comparedtogroupsⅡandⅢ(P<0.05).Diagnostically,thesensitivity,specificityanddiagnosticaccuracywere73.1%,94.0%,and78%forwhitebloodcellcount,70.0%,96.0%,and76.0%forneutrophilpercentage,29.5%,49.0%,and34.0%formeanplateletvolume,and97.1%,93.0%,and96.0%forplateletdistributionwidth,respectively.ThehighestdiagnosticaccuracydetectedwasforplateletdistributionwidthbetweenGroup?Ⅰ?andGroupⅢ(P<0.01).CONCLUSION:Plateletdistributionwidthanalysiscanbeusedfordiagnosisofacuteappendicitiswithoutrequiringadditionaltests,thusreducingthecostandlossoftime.
简介:Epithelialovariancancer(EOC)istheleadingcauseofdeathamongallgynecologicalmalignancies.Despitethetechnologicalandmedicaladvancesoverthepastfourdecades,suchasthedevelopmentofseveralbiologicalmarkers(mRNAandproteinsbiomarkers),themortalityrateofovariancancerremainsachallengebecauseofitslatediagnosis,whichisspecificallyattributedtolowspecificitiesandsensitivities.Underthiscompulsivescenario,recentadvancesinexpressionbiologyhaveshiftedinidentifyinganddevelopingspecificandsensitivebiomarkers,suchasmicroRNAs(miRNAs)forcancerdiagnosisandprognosis.MiRNAsareanovelclassofsmallnon-codingRNAsthatderegulategeneexpressionattheposttranscriptionallevel,eitherbytranslationalrepressionorbymRNAdegradation.Thesemechanismsmaybeinvolvedinacomplexcascadeofcellulareventsassociatedwiththepathophysiologyofmanytypesofcancer.MiRNAsareeasilydetectableintissueandbloodsamplesofcancerpatients.Therefore,miRNAsholdgoodpromiseaspotentialbiomarkersinovariancancer.Inthisreview,weattemptedtoprovideacomprehensiveprofileofkeymiRNAsinvolvedinovariancarcinomatoestablishmiRNAsasmorereliablenon-invasiveclinicalbiomarkersforearlydetectionofovariancancercomparedwithproteinandDNAbiomarkers.
简介:Bell’spalsyisacommonlyseencranialnervediseaseandcanresultincompromisedfacialappearanceandfunctions.Itsetiology,prognosisandtreatmentarestillbeingdebated.Thispaperisareviewofrecentdevelopmentintheunderstandingofetiology,diagnosisandnon-surgicaltreatmentofBell’spalsy.
简介:Superficialnon-ampullaryduodenalepithelialtumor(SNADET)isdefinedasasporadictumorthatisconfinedtothemucosaorsubmucosathatdoesnotarisefromVater’spapilla,anditincludesadenomaandadenocarcinoma.Recentdevelopmentsinendoscopictechnology,suchashigh-resolutionendoscopyandimage-enhancedendoscopy,mayincreasethechancesofdetectingSNADETlesions.However,becauseSNADETisrare,littleisknownaboutitspreoperativeendoscopicdiagnosis.TheuseofendoscopicresectionforSNADET,whichhasnoriskofmetastasis,isincreasing,buttheincidenceofcomplications,suchasperforation,issignificantlyhigherthaninanyotherpartofthedigestivetract.Apreoperativediagnosisisrequiredtodistinguishbetweenlesionsthatshouldbefollowedupandthosethatrequiretreatment.Retrospectivestudieshaverevealedcertainendoscopicfindingsthatsuggestmalignancy.Inrecentyears,severalnewimagingmodalitieshavebeendevelopedandexploredforrealtimediagnosisoftheselesiontypes.EstablishinganendoscopicdiagnostictooltodifferentiatebetweenadenomaandadenocarcinomainSNADETlesionsisrequiredtoselectthemostappropriatetreatment.ThisreviewdescribesthecurrentstateofknowledgeaboutpreoperativeendoscopicdiagnosisofSNADETs,suchasduodenaladenomaandduodenaladenocarcinoma.Newerendoscopictechniques,includingmagnifyingendoscopy,mayhelptoguidethesediagnostics,buttheiradditionaladvantagesremainunclear,andfurtherstudiesarerequiredtoclarifytheseissues.
简介:Objective:Todeterminethevalueofdiffusion-tensorimaging(DTI)asanadjuncttodynamiccontrastenhancedmagneticresonanceimaging(DCE-MRI)forimprovedaccuracyofdifferentialdiagnosisbetweenbreastductalcarcinomainsitu(DCIS)andinvasivebreastcarcinoma(IBC).Methods:TheMRIdataof63patientspathologicallyconfirmedasbreastcancerwereanalyzed.TheconventionalMRIanalysismetricsincludedenhancementstyle,initialenhancementcharacteristic,maximumslopeofincrease,timetopeak,timesignalintensitycurve(TIC)pattern,andsignalintensityonFST2WI.Thevaluesofapparentdiffusioncoefficient(ADC),directionally-averagedmeandiffusivity(Davg),exponentialattenuation(EA),fractionalanisotropy(FA),volumeratio(VR)andrelativeanisotropy(RA)werecalculatedandcomparedbetweenDCISandIBC.MultivariatelogisticregressionwasusedtoidentifyindependentfactorsfordistinguishingIBCandDCIS.Thediagnosticperformanceofthediagnosisequationwasevaluatedusingthereceiveroperatingcharacteristic(ROC)curve.ThediagnosticefficaciesofDCEMRI,DWIandDTIwerecomparedindependendyorcombined.Results:EAvalue,lesionenhancementstyleandTICpatternwereidentifiedasindependentfactorfordifferentialdiagnosisofIBCandDCIS.ThecombinationdiagnosisshowedhigherdiagnosticefficacythanasingleuseofDCE-MRI(P=0.02),andtheareaofthecurvewasimprovedfrom0.84(95%CI,0.67-0.99)to0.94(95%CI,0.85-1.00).Conclusions:QuantitativeDTImeasurementasanadjuncttoDCE-MRIcouldimprovethediagnosticperformanceofdifferentialdiagnosisbetweenDCISandIBCcomparedtoasingleuseofDCE-MRI.