简介：thenexplorestheadvantagesanddisadvantagesoftheexistingBJEteachingmodelofinChinabyreferringtoacasestudyofaBJEprogramatShanghaiInternationalStudiesUniversity(SISU),bilingualjournalismeducation(BJE)programsareinauniquejournalismeducationpositioninChinabycombiningEnglish-stylejournalisticpracticeandconceptswithEnglishlearning.ThispaperfirstprovidesareviewofthedevelopmentofBJEinChina,TheEnglishabilityofBJEstudentsatSISUissurelyguaranteedbytheirextensiveEnglishtrainingbothintheirEnglishcoursesandjournalismclassesconductedinEnglish.WhileotherjournalismstudentshavealmostalltheircoursesinChinese

简介：thenexplorestheadvantagesanddisadvantagesoftheexistingBJEteachingmodelofinChinabyreferringtoacasestudyofaBJEprogramatShanghaiInternationalStudiesUniversity(SISU),bilingualjournalismeducation(BJE)programsareinauniquejournalismeducationpositioninChinabycombiningEnglish-stylejournalisticpracticeandconceptswithEnglishlearning.ThispaperfirstprovidesareviewofthedevelopmentofBJEinChina,TheEnglishabilityofBJEstudentsatSISUissurelyguaranteedbytheirextensiveEnglishtrainingbothintheirEnglishcoursesandjournalismclassesconductedinEnglish.WhileotherjournalismstudentshavealmostalltheircoursesinChinese

简介：ThispaperprovidesacomprehensiveintroductiontothemajorprogressintransitionandturbulencestudiesinChinaoverthepastthirtyyears.Despitetheauthor’sbestefforts,therearesomeunavoidableomissions.Weexpectthatwiththecontinueddeepeningofturbulenceresearch,Chinesescholarswillmakeincreasingcontributionsinthisfield,whichwillcertainlyhavestronginfluenceontheestablishmentofaChinaSchoolofTurbulence.

简介：1997)andhasbecomeoneofthetwoflagshipsofjournalismprograms(TheotheristhejournalismprogramofthePeople’sUniversity)acrossChina.TheFudanJournalismCollegenotonlyhasitstraditionalsequenceinJournalism,thewriterhasconductedasurveyamongthejournalismstudentsaswellassomefacultymembersamongthefivejournalismprogramsinShanghaiinSeptember1999.,aconsistentprocessoflocalizationinitscurriculumandteachingmethodsaswellasitstargets.Thepaperwillfirstdiscusstheprocessoflocalizationinthe50yearsdevelopmentofjournalismeducationinChinaintermsofeducationalpurposesandchangesofcurriculum.BasedontheasurveyofthefivejournalismprogramsinShanghai

简介：weshouldunderstandthatthesuccessesoftheexchangesareonthebasisofmutualunderstandingofeachcountry’scustomandvalues.Thenwewillhavethepossibilitytomakeacademicexchangesandgainsomeachievements.Inauniversity,北京、上海,Inwhichwayisitwonderful

简介：Theresources,miningcapacityandcalcinationcapacityofrefractorygradebauxiteinChinamarketwereintroduced.Thenmajorenvironmentalprotectionregulationslaunchedoverthepastyearswerebrieflyreviewed.Meanwhilesomethoughtsabouttheoutlookofthemarketwereshared.

简介：ThesupplyofrareearthsoutsideChinawas19,800tonsin2017,anincreaseof16%over2016.thesupplyofrareearthsoutsideChinawas42,200tonsin2018,a210%increasecontinuousdiscoveryofrareearthresourcesintheglobe,China’sshareofrareearthreserveshasgraduallydeclined.Since2017,thecontinuousimprovementofoperatingrateofLynasinAustraliaandthere-exploitationoftheMountainPassmineintheUnitedStatesresultedintheformationofadiversifiedsupplypatternofrareearthproducts.

简介：Qualityofhighereducationisakeytonationaleconomicgrowthandsocialdevelopment.Internationalizationofhighereducationhasbeenoneofthemajornationaltrendsandgovernmentalagendasinmanyemergingcountriesinthepastfewyears.Internationaleducationistransformative.WithglobalizationandthedevelopmentoftheInternetofThings,internationalizationofhighereducationhasbecomeanimportantnationalgoalinChina.Thepurposeofthispaperisthreefold:(a)todescribeabriefhistoryofinternationalizationofhighereducationinChina;(b)toconceptualizethedualismofinternationalizationofhighereducation,theroleofthegovernment,andChina’s13thFiveYearPlaninChina;and(c)todelineatethechallengesandopportunitiesofinternationalcollaborations,especiallyinthedual-degreemodelunderinternationalpartnershipprogramsbetweenChinaandtheUnitedStates.

简介：Datingbackto1933,SCNU'sPhysicsdisciplinewasselectedforthenationalproject"World-ClassDisciplineDevelopment"bytheMinistryofEducationin2017.CurrentlytheSchoolacceptsanaverageof1800full-timeundergraduatesand500postgraduateresearchstudents,producingapproximately20000graduatessinceitsfoundation.

简介：In2018,undertheguidanceofPresidentXiJinping'sThoughtonSocialismwithChineseCharacteristicsforaNewEra,China'srareearthindustryhasmadesteadyprogresswithsignificantimprovementinoverallefficiency,aconstantimprovementinmanagementsystemandasteadyimprovementindevelopmentquality.

简介：Adistinctivepatternofovipositionlesionsoccursonaginkgoaleanseed,Yimaiacapituliformis,whichlikelywasinflictedbyakalligrammatidlacewingwithalong,sword-like,plant-piercingovipositor.Thisnewlyrecordedovipositiontype,DT272,occursinthe165million-year-oldJiulongshanFormation,ofMiddleJurassicage,inNortheasternChina.DT272consistsfromthreetoseven,approximatelyequallyspacedlesionswithsurroundingcallustissue,thefabricatorofwhichtargetedfleshyouterandinnertissuesofaginkgophytefruit.Thisdistinctivedamagealsoisknownfromthefleshyattachmentpadsurfacesofbasalbennettitaleanbracts.Examinationofthelifehistoryofthisprobableginkgoalean-kalligrammatidovipositioninteractionindicatesthatthespacingoftheeggsinsubstratetissuesdisfavoredinter-larvalcontact,butlittlecartbesaidofdefenseandcounterdefensestrategiesbetweentheplanthostandthenewlyhatchedimrnatures.

简介：Thetriangulationofredspriteswasobtained,basedonconcurrentobservationsoveramesoscaleconvectivesystem(MCS)inNorthChinafromtwostationsseparatedbyabout450km.Inaddition,broadbandsfericsfromthesprite-producinglightningweremeasuredatfivegroundstations,makingitpossibletolocateandidentifytheindividualcausativelightningdischargesfordifferentelementsinthisdancingspriteevent.TheresultsofouranalysesindicatethatthespriteswereproducedabovethetrailingstratiformregionoftheMCS,andtheirparentstrokeswerelocatedmainlyintheperipheralareaofthestratiform.Thelateraloffsetbetweenspritesandcausativestrokesrangesfromafewkmtomorethan50km.Inaparticularlybrightsprite,withadistincthalofeatureandstreamersdescendingdowntoanaltitudeofapproximately48km,thespritecurrentsignalidentifiedintheelectricsferic,measuredatarangeofabout1,110km,peakedatapproximately1msafterthereturnstroke.

简介：AIM:Toinvestigatetheassociationbetweensocioeconomicstatus(SES)andvisualdisability(VD)amongolderChineseadults.METHODS:WeobtaineddatafromtheSecondNationalSampleSurveyonDisability,conductedinChinain2006.Atotalnumberof192375olderadults(aged≥65y)werescreenedforsuspectedVDviainterviewswithtrainedexaminers.ThosewhoscreenedpositivelyforVDwerereferredtoophthalmologiststoobtainafinaldiagnosis.RESULTS:VDwasprevalentamong7.29%ofChineseadultsaged65andolder,andwashigherinruralareas(8.71%)thaninurbanareas(4.82%).AfteradjustingforSESindicatorsandcovariates,wefoundthatlesseducatedolderadultsweremorelikelytosufferfromVD,withanoddsratio(OR)of2.50(95%CI:2.26-2.82)forilliterates,comparedwiththosewhograduatedfromseniorhighschoolorabove.OlderadultswhowereinthelowestincomequintileweremoreatriskofVD,withanORof1.81(95%CI:1.68-2.95),comparedwithadultsinthehighestincomequintile.Inurbanareas,whencomparedwithadultswhograduatedfromseniorhighschoolorabove,thosewhodidnotcontinuetheireducationafterjuniorhighschool,primaryschool,orthosewhowereilliterate,weremorelikelytosufferfromVD,withanORof1.35(95%CI:1.51-1.59),1.84(95%CI:1.60-2.12),and2.63(95%CI:2.27-3.04),respectively.LowerlevelsofincomewerestatisticallysignificantwhenassociatedwithVD.Inruralareas,adultswhowereilliteratehadanORof2.21(95%CI:1.75-2.79)whencomparedtoadultswithseniorhighschooloraboveeducationlevel.Percapita,householdincomeremainedsignificantlyassociatedwithVD.Olderadultswhowere≥85,female,single,andresidinginruralareaswereassociatedwithhigherrisksofVD.CONCLUSION:Individual-levelSESamongtheelderly,intheformofeducationandincome,isassociatedwithVDamongelderlyChineseadultsinbothurbanandruralareas;however,theassociationisstrongerinruralareas.Furtherstudiesarestillrequiredtoex

简介：InsouthernChina,collapsinggullyerosionproducesmassivedepositsofsedimentontheploughlayerofalluvialfanfarmland,leadingtoreducednutrients,increasederodibility,andevendesertification.Theaimofthisstudywastoinvestigatesoilerodibility(thefactorKintheUniversalSoilLossEquation,USLE)andphysicochemicalpropertiesofthealluvialfansofthemostseverecollapsinggullyerosionareas(Hubei,Jiangxi,Fujian,andGuangdongprovinces)insouthernChina.Thesoilsofthecollapsinggullyalluvialfanshadahigherbulkdensity,butalowertotalporosity,saturatedwatercontent,andsiltandclayfractionsthanthecontrol(CK)soilsfromthefarmlandwithoutdesertification.Soilqualitygraduallydecreasedfromfanedgetofanhead.SignificantdecreaseswerefoundinsoilpH,organicmatter,cationexchangecapacity,andtotalpotassium,nitrogen,andphosphorus,aswellasavailablenitrogen,phosphorus,andpotassium,resultinginagradualdecreaseinsoilnutrientsfromthefanedgetothefanhead.Soilerodibilitywasgreatestinthefanhead,andsoilerodibilityKvaluesofthealluvialfanswere53.71%,66.28%,67.53%,and71.68%greaterthanthatinthoseoftheCKsoilsofHubei,Jiangxi,Fujian,andGuangdong,respectively,indicatingasignificantcorrelationbetweenthesoilerodibilityKvaluesandphysicochemicalproperties,particularlysandfractionandorganicmattercontent.Theresultsprovidenewinsightsintotherelationshipbetweensoilphysicochemicalpropertiesanderodibilityofalluvialfans,andsuggestthatimprovingsoilstructuremightincreasesoilfertilityinthecollapsinggullyalluvialfanfarmland.

简介：000yearsofChina.ThemediadevelopmentinShanghai,Theyearof1978isawatershedforChinesepoliticsandmediadevelopment(Lee,forthemediadevelopmentinChina.TheexperienceoftheShanghaiModelisnowradiatingacrosswholeChina.ThoughthejournalisticreformsmayappearinadifferentformsinotherpartsofChina

简介：Background:Soilorganiccarbon(SOC)isalargereservoirofterrestrialcarbon(C);itconsistsofdifferentfractionsofvaryingcomplexityandstability.PartitioningSOCintodifferentpoolsofdecomposabilityhelpbetterpredictthetrendofchangesinSOCdynamicsunderclimatechange.InformationonhowphysicalfractionsandchemicalstructuresofSOCarerelatedtoclimateandvegetationtypesisessentialforspatialmodelingofSOCprocessesandresponsestoglobalchangefactors.Method:Soilsampleswerecolectedfrommultiplerepresentativeforestsitesofthreecontrastingclimaticzones(i.e.cooltemperate,warmtemperate,andsubtropical)ineasternChina.MeasurementsweremadeonSOCcontentsandphysicalfractionsofthe0–20cmsoillayer,andthechemicalcompositionofSOCofthe0–5cmsoillayer,alongwithmeasurementsandcompilationofthebasicsiteandforeststandvariables.Thelong-termeffectsoftemperature,litterinputs,soilcharacteristicsandvegetationtypeontheSOCcontentsandfactionswereexaminedbymeansof"spacefortimesubstitution"approachandstatisticalanalysis.Result:Meanannualtemperature(MAT)variedfrom2.1℃atthecooltemperatesitesto20.8℃atthesubtropicalsites.TotalSOCofthe0–20cmsoillayerdecreasedwithincreasingMAT,rangingfrom89.2g·kg^-1incooltemperateforeststo57.7g·kg^-1insubtropicalforests,atanaveragerateof1.87%reductioninSOCwitha1℃increaseinMAT.WithincreasingMAT,theproportionsofaromaticCandphenolicCdisplayedatendencyofdecreases,whereastheproportionofalkylCandA/O-Avalue(theratioofalkylCtothesumofO-alkylCandacetalC)displayedatendencyofincreases.Overall,therewerenosignificantchangeswithMATandforesttypeineitherthephysicalfractionsorthechemicalcomposition.BasedontherelationshipbetweentheSOCcontentandMAT,weestimatethatSOCinthetop20soillayerofforestspotentiallycontribute6.58–26.3PgCgloballytotheat

简介：TostudythespatialdifferenceofoceanambientnoiseinoffshoreChinaandrevealitsgenerationmechanism,thedifferencebetweenthenoiselevel(NL)oftwostationsiscomparedbasedonlong-termobservationdatacollectedinthesameseason.Consideringtheinfluenceofunderwateracousticchannelsandthecharacteristicsofnoisesources,thetransmissionlosslevel(TL)fromtheportshipnoisesourcestothemeasuringstationisanalyzedanditshowsastrongcorrelationbetweenthetransmissionlossdifference(TLD)andnoiseleveldifference(NLD)atthebandof50-500Hz.Atthesametime,theanalysisofshipnoisesourcelevel(SL)presentsadifferenceabout20dBbetweenthetwoports,correspondingtothevariationoftheshipdensitybeforeandduringthefishingmoratorium.Theresultsprovethattheambientnoiseiscloselyrelatedtoshipnoisesourcesatthisfrequencyband,andthenoisedifferencebetweenthetwostationsresultsfromthetransmissionlossandtheshipnoisesources.

简介：Becauseofitsexcellentseismicperformance,reinforcedsoilretainingwallsareincreasinglyusedincivilengineering.Althoughmanycountrieshavepublishedcorrespondingdesigncodes,thedifferencesbetweenthemarestillrelativelylarge.UsingtheFHWACodeandtheCodeforSeismicDesignofRailwayEngineering(CSDRE),stabilitycalculationsofreinforcedsoilretainingwallswerecarriedoutandthesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenthesetwodesigncodeswereanalyzed.Accordingtothecomparativeanalysis,thefollowingconclusionsaredrawn:theinertiaforce,theearthpressureandthetensileforceofreinforcementscalculatedfromtheCSDREarelessthanthosefromtheFHWACode,andthesafetyfactorcalculatedfromtheformerislarger.AlthoughtheM-Omethodisrecommendedtocalculatethedynamicearthpressure,theFHWACodesuggestsahigheractionpointascomparedtotheCSDRE.

简介：Highlydiversifiedcolorationsamongspringtails(Collembola)havebeenwidelyusedforspeciesdiagnosis,buttheirphylogeneticsignificanceispoorlyknown.WeaddressedthisissueinthelargestEntomobryinaegenusEntomobrya,whichpossessesvariablecolorpatternsamongspecies.Therelationshipswithinthegenusandtoothergenerahavealsorarelybeenstudied.BasedonmaterialmainlyfromChina,wehaveconductedamultilocusphylogenyandtopologytestswithlikelihoodandBayesianalgorithms,andaccordinglydemonstratedthenon-monophylyofChineseEntomobrya.Thedivisionoffiveclades,includingEntomobryaandseveralrelatedgenera,coincidedwellwithfivetypesofcolorations,respectively.FurtheranalysesofdivergencetimeandhistoricalbiogeographyrevealedthatChineseEntomobryaoriginatedmainlyfromPalearctic(northernandwestern)ChinainthePaleoceneandEocene.Thisstudyhighlightsthegreatphylo?geneticvaluesaswellastaxonomicusesofcolorationinChineseEntomobrya.MultiplephylogeneticandbiogeographicoriginsofEntomobryaimplyitscomplicatedrelationshipswithbothscaledandunsealedgeneraofEntomobryinae.

简介：Background:Neighborhoodbuiltenvironmentmayprofoundlyinfluencechildren’sphysicalactivity(PA)andbodyweight.ThisstudysystematicallyreviewedscientificevidenceregardingtheimpactofbuiltenvironmentonPAandobesityamongchildrenandadolescentsinChina.Methods:AkeywordandreferencesearchwasconductedinActiveLivingResearch,CochraneLibrary,PubMed,andWebofScience.Studiesthatmetallofthefollowingcriteriawereincludedinthereview:(1)studydesigns-experimentalstudies,observationalstudies,andqualitativestudies;(2)studysubjects-Chinesechildrenand/oradolescentsaged≤17years;(3)exposures-neighborhoodbuiltenvironment;(4)outcomes-PAand/orbodyweightstatus;(5)articletype-peer-reviewedpublications;(6)timewindowofsearch-fromtheinceptionofanelectronicbibliographicdatabasetoMay31,2018;(7)country-China;and(8)language-articleswritteninEnglish.Results:Atotalof20studies,including16cross-sectionalstudies,3longitudinalstudies,and1descriptivestudy,metthepredeterminedselectioncriteriaandwereincludedinthereview.Atotalof13studiesadoptedsubjectivebuiltenvironmentmeasuresreportedbyparentsand/orchildren,2adoptedobjectivemeasures(e.g.,geographicalinformationsystem,fieldobservations),and5adoptedbothobjectiveandsubjectivemeasures.PAbehaviorsincludedPA,physicalinactivity,sedentarybehavior,active/passivecommutingfrom/toschool,andparkvisits.Amongthe16studiesthatprovidedsomequantitativeestimatesoftheinfluenceofbuiltenvironmentonPAandbodyweightstatus,allreportedastatisticallysignificantrelationshipintheexpecteddirection.Availabilityandaccessibilityinproximitytogreenspaces,parks,recreationalfacilities,andsidewalkswerefoundtobeassociatedwithincreasedPAlevels,reducedsedentarybehaviors,and/oractivecommutingamongChinesechildrenandadolescents.Incontrast,theabsenceofbikelanesandlivinginhigherdensityresidentialareaswer