简介：AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has rapidly swept around the globe since its emergence near 2020. However, people have failed to fully understand its origin or mutation. Defined as an international biosafety incident, COVID-19 has again encouraged worldwide attention to reconsider the importance of biosafety due to the adverse impact on personal well-being and social stability. Most countries have already taken measures to advocate progress in biosafety-relevant research, aiming to prevent and solve biosafety problems with more advanced techniques and products. Herein, we propose a new concept of biosafety chemistry and reiterate the notion of biosafety materials, which refer to the interdisciplinary integration of biosafety and chemistry or materials. We attempt to illustrate the exquisite association that chemistry and materials science possess with biosafety -science, and we hope to provide a pragmatic perspective on approaches to utilize the knowledge of these two subjects to handle specific biosafety issues, such as detection and disinfection of pathogenic microorganisms, personal protective equipment, vaccine adjuvants and specific drugs, etc.. In addition, we hope to promote multidisciplinary cooperation to strengthen biosafety research and facilitate the development of biosafety products to defend national security in the future.

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简介：AbstractTuberculosis (TB) is among the deadliest infectious diseases worldwide. Although the existing antituberculosis (anti-TB) drugs remain to be effective, the administration of these complex anti-TB drug combinations with obvious toxicity often leads to patients’ nonadherence. This may contribute toward the emergence of drug-resistant strains as well as lead to treatment failure and relapse. Therefore, in the past half century, the main focus of anti-TB drug research was to reduce the frequency of administration and toxicity and improve patients' compliance and drug sensitivity. Following these principles, the development of engineered biosafety materials is one of the most effective and promising methods in resolving these challenges. Compared with traditional drugs, biosafety materials provide a viable platform for treating TB, which are beneficial in reducing the frequency of drug administration and systemic toxicity, improving patients’ compliance and drug sensitivity, and enhancing drug targeting. In this review, we summarized the application of biosafety materials in treatment of TB in recent years and discussed the challenges faced when developing a safe, more effective, and economical pharmacotherapy against TB.

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简介：AbstractInfectious disease outbreaks, such as 'Coronavirus disease 2019' (COVID-19), can constitute major global health threats with far-reaching consequences. As outbreaks develop, the international scientific community must provide high-quality scientific research-ready biological samples to solve the existing clinical and epidemiological questions to better combat the pandemic. Such examples are provided by dedicated biobank facilities, the latter collecting increasingly high volumes of biological samples. However, the more significant concentrations of infectious or potentially infectious biological materials can create a safety risk. The current short report describes the first attempt to identify the published scientific works on biobanking and safety. Three broad thematic areas have been identified: the physical security relevant to staff and sample integrity, the data safety aspects, and the governance parameters relating to the previous two. While the current publications reflect a broad alignment with existing standards and best practices in the biobanking field, they also demonstrate an opportunity for further in-depth work on this field in the post-COVID-19 era.

简介：诺贝尔奖得主Sharpless等于2001年首次提出clickchemistry一词，之后这一概念广泛应用于高效合成有机小分子化合物和各种结构的高分子，国内的学者也在积极开展关于clickchemistry的研究。赵卫光等发表了一篇综述，简要介绍了clickchemistry在有机小分子合成中的一些应用。

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简介：Siraitiagrosvenorii是对中国的Guangxi省地方性的长期的植物。它的水果，通常作为罗hanguo知道，并且在中国为咽炎，咽头的疼痛，以及能止咳的疗法的治疗作为自然sweetener并且作为传统的药被用于几百年。基于93文学来源，这评论在S的化学，生物效果，和毒性研究总结了进展。grosvenorii在过去的30年期间。混合物的几个不同的班从S的各种各样的部分被孤立或检测。grosvenorii，主要triterpenoids，flavonoids，多糖，氨基酸，和香精油。从这种导出的摘录或单个混合物的各种各样的类型展出了生物效果的一个宽数组例如能止咳，减轻痰，抗氧化剂，immunomodulatory，保护肝，葡萄糖阴沉，并且抗菌剂。存在研究证明了那从S提取，个人加重。grosvenorii是基本上无毒的。最后，为关于特定的化学药品和S的药理学性质的进一步的研究的一些建议。grosvenorii在这评论被建议。

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简介：ChineseJournalofChemistryisaninternationalpublishedinEnglishbytheChineseChemi-calSocietywithitseditorialofficehostedShanghaiInstitututeOrganicChemistry,ChineseAcademyofSciences.ChineseJournalofChemistrypublishesoriginalresearchworkinallfieldsofchemistry,i.e.physicalchemistry,inorganicchemistry,organicchemistryandanalyticchemistry,etc,intheformsofAccounts,Articles,NotesandCommunications.EachissuecontainsGraphicAbstract.Onlycontribu-tionsthathavenotbeenandarenottobepublishedelsewherewillbeconsidered.

简介：AnexaminationoflargequantitiesofTibetandataforaprojectentitled"AlchemyandAlchemicMedicinesofTibetrevealedthatancientTibetanterminologyforandclassificationofinorganicsaltshavemuchincommonwithmodernchemistry.ThisisparticularlytrueofresearchconductedbyTendzinPhuntso(bornin1672inGongjoCount,Chamdo,Tibet)andhisrepresentativework,"gsoriggcesbdusrinchenphrengbabzugsso".ThisworksummarizesTibetanrecognitionofinorganicsaltsinchemistryoverthecourseof1000yearsormore,andisofgreatsignificanceintheworldhistoryofscienceandtechnolgy.

简介：ChineseJournalofChemistryisanintemationaljour-nalpublishedinEnglishbytheChineseChemicalSoci-etywithitseditorialofficehostedbyShanghaiInstituteofOrganicChemistry,ChineseAcademyofSciences.

简介：AbstractNucleic acid therapeutics, which involve transferring exogenous genes inside target cells, are a promising clinical treatment option that can regulate gene expression at the transcriptional or post-transcriptional level. Ideally, this kind of treatment modality will not lead to an unwanted immune response. Compared with traditional treatment methods, nucleic acid therapeutics can achieve prolonged and stable curative effects. As an emerging treatment method, nucleic acid therapeutics have played an increasingly important role in clinical settings for the treatment of various conditions, including infectious diseases, cancer, immune-related diseases, and monogenetic diseases. To date, a large number of clinical trials have been conducted, and more than 30 nucleic acid drugs have been approved, highlighting the strong potential of this approach in clinical practice. Diverse carriers are used to protect nucleic acids from being degraded and to help them reach their targets accurately. However, some carriers are known to cause negative effects on the release and expression of nucleic acid drugs as well as adverse effects such as allergic reactions and accumulation in the liver. Therefore, biosafety assessment of delivery systems before their application in clinical settings is critical. In this review, we describe different delivery systems for nucleic acid drugs and discuss their biosafety in both preclinical and clinical studies, with particular focus on the carriers themselves, drug administration method, and overall treatment of the disease.

简介：AbstractThe emergence of antimicrobial resistance attributed to the overuse and abuse of antibiotics severely endangers global biosafety. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) produced by various living organisms exhibit broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties with a low propensity to the resistance. However, the application of AMPs has been greatly limited owing to their poor stability, high manufacturing cost, and high cytotoxicity. Thus, AMP-mimetic antimicrobial cationic polymers with cationic and amphiphilic moieties have attracted considerable attention as antimicrobial agents. These polymers typically exhibit broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities, negligible antimicrobial resistance, and rapid bactericidal effect. These polymers exhibit low hemolysis and cytotoxicity by optimizing their chemical structures. In this study, we summarize the design principles and current findings of antimicrobial cationic polymers and identify potential candidates for developing innovative polymeric antimicrobials.

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简介：Amajorroleofecologicalriskassessment(ERA)hasbeentoprovidescientificguidanceonwhetherafuturehumanactivitywillcauseecologicalharm,includingsuchactivitiesasreleaseofageneticallymodifiedorganism(GMO),exoticspecies,orchemicalpollutantintotheenvironment.Thisrequiresthedeterminationofthelikelihoodsthattheactivity:wouldcauseaharm,andwouldnotcauseaharm.Inthefirstcase,thefocusisondemonstratingthepresenceofaharmanddevelopingappropriatemanagementtomitigatesuchharm.Thisisusuallyevaluatedusingstandardhypothesisanalysis.Inthesecondcase,thefocusisondemonstratingtheabsenceofaharmandsupportingadecisionofbiosafety.WhilemostERAresearchershavefocusedonfindingpresenceofharm,andsomehavewronglyassociatedthelackofdetectionofharmwithbiosafety,anovelapproachinERAwouldbetofocusondemonstratingdirectlythesafetyoftheactivity.Although,someresearchershavesuggestedthatretrospectivepoweranalysiscanbeusedtoinferabsenceofharm,itactuallyprovidesinaccurateinformationaboutbiosafety.Adecisionofbiosafetycanonlybesupportedinastatisticallysoundmannerbyequivalencetests,describedhere.Usinga20%ecologicalequivalencestandardinGMOexamples,weillustratedtheuseofequivalencetestsfortwo-sampleswithnormalorbinomialdataandmulti-samplenormaldata,andprovidedaspreadsheetcalculatorforeach.Insixoftheeightexamples,theeffectsofCrytoxinsonanon-targetorganismwereequivalenttoacontrol,supportingadecisionofbiosafety.Theseexamplesalsoshowedthatdemonstrationofequivalencedoesnotrequirelargesamplesizes.Althoughmorerelevantecologicalequivalencestandardsshouldbedevelopedtoenableequivalenceteststobecomethemainmethodtosupportbiosafetydecisionmaking,weadvocatetheiruseforevaluatingbiosafetyfornon-targetorganismsbecauseoftheirdirectandaccurateinferenceregardingsafety.