简介:摘要:民国时期,西南边疆汉村的丧葬习俗虽受到近代化思潮的影响,但依旧保留独具有地方特色。本文通过对滇东汉村丧葬礼俗中的临终、丧事程序、上坟及点主、祭祀几个方面构成,形成了独特的边疆汉族丧葬习俗文化,影响至今。
简介:[摘要]翻译是一个蕴含强烈意识形态的行为,因此一本译著的产生或多或少都将受意识形态的影响。在19世纪德国译本Rip Van Winkle中在不同程度上都收到了意识形态的影响,尤其是在主要情节及人物行为方面。
简介:摘要 目的:分析急性肺栓塞的临床特点,观察溶栓、抗凝治疗对急性肺栓塞的临床治疗效果。方法 :21 例肺栓塞患者根据临床症状、体格检查、实验室检查、超声检查及肺动脉造影确诊。 21 例患者均行肺动脉造影确诊,对其中不属溶栓适应症的 8 例给予肝素抗凝治疗,属溶栓适应症的 9 例行静脉溶栓加抗凝治疗,对其中血液动力学差的中 / 大块肺栓塞 4 例行肺动脉内导管碎栓、吸栓加肺动脉内尿激酶溶栓再加术后抗凝治疗。以临床、化验室检查及超声心动图及肺动脉造影评价治疗效果。结果:院外误诊率高达 77.8% ,尿激酶溶栓加抗凝治疗组 13 例,总有效率为 63.2% 。根据本组有限病例观察溶栓效果与栓塞面积未见差异,而与发病开始到溶栓治疗的时间密切相关( P<0.05 )。肝素抗凝 8 例, 1 例无效。结论:应提高肺动脉栓塞的警惕性,减少误诊率。尿激酶对急性大块肺栓塞溶栓抗凝治疗安全有效,溶栓时间窗越靠前疗效越好;对有溶栓适应症的患者应优选溶栓治疗。
简介:摘要目的应用多种遗传学检测技术对1例产前超声异常胎儿进行遗传学分析,为其遗传咨询及产前诊断提供依据。方法应用染色体核型分析和单核苷酸多态性微阵列(single nucleotide polymorphism array,SNP-array)技术对1例超声异常胎儿行产前诊断,并结合荧光原位杂交技术(fluorescence in situ hybridization, FISH)对检测结果进一步验证。结果胎儿及父母染色体核型分析均未发现异常;SNP-array分析结果提示胎儿染色体22q13.31q13.33区存在5.1 Mb片段杂合性缺失,提示为Phelan-McDermid综合征,同时合并21q21.1q21.2区4.5 Mb片段杂合性缺失;经FISH验证这两个异常片段均为新发,父母不存在平衡易位。结论胎儿染色体22q13.31q13.33和21q21.1q21.2区杂合性缺失可能与胎儿异常表型相关,产前遗传学分析可以为其产前诊断及遗传咨询提供依据。
简介:摘要目的总结两例由CYP21A2基因启动子区变异所致的非经典型21-羟化酶缺乏症(nonclassical 21-hydroxylase deficiency,NC-21OHD)患儿的临床特征。方法回顾分析患儿的临床特征以及基因检测的结果。结果两例患儿的主要临床表现分别为性早熟合并骨龄超前/进展控制不佳以及月经紊乱伴多毛。患儿1 CYP21A2基因存在启动子区-126C>T、-113G>A、-110T>C和I173N复合杂合变异,其母亲携带启动子区-126C>T、-113G>A、-110T>C杂合变异,其父亲携带I173N杂合变异。患儿2 CYP21A2基因存在启动子区-126C>T、-113G>A和I2G复合杂合变异,其母亲携带启动子区-126C>T和-113G>A杂合变异,其父亲携带I2G杂合变异。结论对多毛、月经紊乱、骨龄超前/进展控制不佳的患儿,需警惕NC-21OHD的可能性。对CYP21A2基因编码区未检测出变异者应考虑对其启动子区进行分析。
简介:AbstractBackground:Deregulation of miRNA-21 expression has been reported to be associated with vascular smooth muscle behavior and cytoskeletal stability. This study is aimed to investigate the density of serum miRNA-21 in patients with different phases of intracranial aneurysms (IAs) and explore its warning function for IA rupture.Methods:A total of 16 in 200 IA patients were selected and categorized into 4 groups based on the phase of IA. Microarray study was carried out using serum miRNA and differentially expressed miRNAs were identified. Another 24 samples from a cohort of 360 patients were added and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed on expanded sample size (n = 40) for miRNA-21 validation. Potential gene targets of miRNA-21 were screened out from Gene Ontology (GO) database and literatures.Results:Microarray study identified 77 miRNAs with significantly different expression levels between experimental groups and the control group. RT-PCR assays validated significant downregulation of miRNA-21 in experimental groups, among which miRNA-21 expression level of daughter aneurysm group decreased the most. Bioinformatic analyses revealed that several target genes related with miRNA-21 may be involved in IA formation and rupture.Conclusions:This study suggested that miRNA-21 had a protective effect for intracranial vascular wall against remodeling and warning function for intracranial aneurysm rupture. Significant suppression of serum miRNA-21 in IA patients may provide diagnostic clues for aneurysm rupture and guide clinical intervention.