简介:ROOTversion3(spring2001)supportsautomaticclassschemaevolution.Inadditionthisversionalsoproducesfilesthatareself-describing.Thisisachievedbystoringineachfilearecordwiththedescriptionofallthepersistentclassesinthefile.Beingself-describingguaranteesthatafilecanalwaysbereadlater,itsstructurebrowsedandobjectsinspected.alsowhenthelibrarywiththecompiledcodeoftheseclassesismissingTheschemaevolutionmechanismsupportsthefrequentcasewhenmultipledatasetsgeneratedwithmanydifferentclassversionsmustbeanalyzedinthesamesession.ROOTsupportstheautomaticgenerationofC++codedescribingthedataobjectsinafile.
简介:1IntroductionLetA∈Cn×n,B∈Cn×n.WesayBisasquarerootofAifA=B×Bi.e.A=B2.Itiswell-knownthatanysymmetricpositivedefinitematrixexistsoneandonlyonesquarerootwhichisasymmetricpositivedefinitematrix,too(e.g.see[5]).Higham[4]studiedcarefullytherelationofarealnonsingularmatrixbetweenitsrealsquarerootsanditseigenvalues.AlefeldandSchneider[1]pointedoutthatforanynonsingularM-ma-trixthereisoneandonlyoneM-matrixasitssquareroot.Inthispaper,westudyona
简介:InthispaperthelimitingdistributionoftheleastsquareestimatefortheautoregressivecoefficientofanearlyunitrootmodelwithGARCHerrorsisderived.Sincethelimitingdistributiondependsontheunknownvarianceoftheerrors,anempiricallikelihoodratiostatisticisproposedfromwhichconfidenceintervalscanbeconstructedforthenearlyunitrootmodelwithoutknowingthevariance.Togainanintuitivesensefortheempiricallikelihoodratio,asmallsimulationfortheasymptoticdistributionisgiven.
简介:Togainanenhancedunderstandingofthemechanismbywhichgibberellins(GAs)regulatethegrowthanddevelopmentofplants,itisnecessarytoidentifyproteinsregulatedbyGA.Proteomeanalysistechniqueshavebeenappliedasadirect,effective,andreliabletoolindifferentialproteinexpressions.Inpreviousstudies,sixteenproteinsshoweddifferencesinaccumulationlevelsasaresultoftreatmentwithGA3,uniconazole,orabscisicacid(ABA),and/orthedifferencesbetweentheGA-deficientsemi-dwarfmutant,Tan-ginbozu,andnormalcultivars.Amongtheseproteins,aldolaseincreasedinrootstreatedwithGA3,waspresentatlowlevelsinTan-ginbozuroots,anddecreasedinrootstreatedwithuniconazoleorABA.Inarootelongationassay,thegrowthofaldolase-antisensetransgenicricewashalfofthatofvectorcontroltransgenicrice.TheseresultsindicatethatincreasesinaldolaseactivitystimulatetheglycolyticpathwayandmayplayanimportantroleintheGA-inducedgrowthofroots.Inthisreview,wediscusstherelationshipamongGA,aldolase,androotgrowth.
简介:Thedepletionrateofphosphateinthesoil-rootinterfacezoneincreasedalongwithgrowthandphosphateuptskeofwheatormaize,whichindicatedthatthephosphatedistributioninsoilneartherootsurfaceagreedwellwiththephosphatemovementinrhizosphereandphosphateuptakebyplant,Therelativeaccumulationzoneofphosphatewithin0.5mmapartfromtherootsurfacedevelopedatthe15thdayorsoaftercultivatingwheatormaizesincetherootphosphatesecretionincreasedgraduallyinthisstage.Thephosphatedistributioninthesoil-rootinterfacezoneagainstthegrowingtime(t)andthedistancefromtherootplane(x)couldbedescribedbythenon-linearregressionequationwiththethirdpowersofxandt.