简介：Riverregulationandrivertraininghavebeenperformedforvariouspurposesandnegativeeffectshavebeenshowninnumerouscases.Insomecasesthenegativeeffectsaresoseriousthathumanshavetoconsiderto'renaturalize'theregulatedrivers.Onlybyusingthestrategyofintegratedrivermanagementthediverseriverusesandnaturalfluvialprocessesandecologicalsystemsmaybeharmonized.Basedonanalysisofcasestudiesanddatacollectedfromliteraturesthispaperpresentstheconceptofintegratedrivermanagementandfourprinciplesofrivertraining.Theintegratedrivermanagementcomprises:1)takingthewatershed,upperstreambasinincludingthetributaries,middleandlowerreachesandtheestuaryasanintegratedentityintheplanning,designandmanagement;and2)mitigatingorcontrollingthenegativeimpactsonhydrology,erosionandsedimentation,fluvialprocesses,landuseandriveruse,environmentandecologywhileinachievingeconomicbenefitfromwaterresourcesdevelopment,floodsafetymanagementandhydropowerexploitation.Rivertrainingandmanagementshouldbeinaccordancewiththefourprinciples:1)extendingthedurationofriverwaterflowingonthecontinent,whichmaybeachievedbyextendingtherivercourseorreducingtheflowvelocity;2)controllingvariouspatternsoferosionsandreducingthesedimenttransportationintherivers;3)increasingthediversityofhabitatandenhancingtheconnectivitybetweentheriverandriparianwaters;and4)restoringnaturallandscapes.

简介：

简介：Overthepastthousandsofyears,humansocietyhasexperiencedevolutionfromtheprimitivecivilization,theagriculturalcivilization,theindustrialcivilizationandtotheecologicalcivilization,whichisahistoryfromlow-leveltoadvanceddevelopment.Thecoreoftheecologicalcivilizationis"respectingnature,complyingwithnatureandprotectingnature",whichisessentialtoharmoniousco-existencebetweenmanandnature.Thisharmoniousco-existencerequiresconstantlyimprovingsystemandmechanismforthedevelopmentofnationalspace,naturalresourceconservationandutilization,andecologicalenvironmentprotection,torealizethewin-winofresourcedevelopmentandenvironmentalprotection.Itisathousand-yearplafftoachieveecologicalcivilizationbasedonunifiedmanagementofnaturalresources.

简介：

简介：Groundwaterisastrategicresourceduetoitsusuallyhighqualityandperennialavailability.However,groundwatermanagementallovertheworldoftenlackssustainabilityasevidencedbyfallingwatertables,dryingwetlands,increasingsea-waterintrusionandgeneraldeteriorationofwaterquality.Asgroundwatercannotberenewedartificiallyonalargescale,sustainablemanagementofthisresourceisvital.Anumberofscientifictoolsareavailabletoassistinhistask.Threeitemsarediscussedhere.Theyincludemethodsforthedeterminationofgroundwaterrecharge,groundwatermodelingincludingtheestimationofitsuncertainty,andthenterfacingtothesocio-economicfield.Generallythequalityofwatermanagementworkcanbelargelyenhancedwithnewtoolsavailable,includingremotesensing,digitalterrainmodels,differentialGPS,environmentaltracers,automaticdatacollection,modelingandthecouplingofmodelsfromdifferentdisciplines

简介：ＲＥＳＥＡＲＣＨＡＮＤＰＲＡＣＴＩＣＥＯＦＳＥＤＩＭＥＮＴＭＡＮＡＧＥＭＥＮＴＩＮＴＨＥＧＥＺＨＯＵＢＡＰＲＯＪＥＣＴＷＡＮＧＱｉａｏａｎｄＰＡＮＱｉｎｇｘｉｎ１ＴｈｅＥｎｇｌｉｓｈｔｅｘｔｉｓｔｒａｎｓｌａｔｅｄｂｙＤｒ．ＤＩＮＧ，Ｌｉａｎｚｈｅｎ...

简介：

简介：

简介：

简介：作者在一个居住区域设计了一个生态的暴风雨水系统代替常规地下的隧道让暴风雨水的收集以便减少营养素，沉积排出。这个系统作为解除溢出到附近的溪，一条开的绿沟，一个存储池溏，和naturalsub溪的排水渠道包含自然亚溪。亚溪被设计集成于社区风景，它不仅增加水用法的效率，而且改进在议程21要求了的社区住处区域的美学质量。这研究为一个社区水系统的设计证明了一个开的暴风雨水集合和利用系统的可行性。

简介：Spatialdata,includinggeometricaldata,attributedata,imagedataandDEMdata,arehugeinvolumeandrelationsamongthemarecomplex.HowtoeffectivelyorganizeandmanagethosedataisanimportantprobleminGIS.SeveralproblemsaboutspacedataorganizationandmanagementinGeoStarwhichisabasicGISsoftwaremadeinChinaarediscussedinthispaper.Thepaperemphasizesonobjectmodelofspatialvector,dataorganization,datamanagementandhowtorealizethegoal,andthelike.

简介：AttheInternationalGeologicalCongressheldinFlorence,ItalyinAugust2004theIUGSCouncilapprovedtheformationofanewCommissiononGeoscienceforEnvironmentalManagement.ThisnewCommissionwasformedtocontinueIUGSactivitiesintheenvironmentfollowingtheclosureoftheIUGSCommissiononGeologicalSciencesforEnvironmentalPlanning(COGEOENVIRONMENT)whichhadcompleteditsterm(refertoseparatearticleinthisissue).

简介：ＴＨＥＳＣＩＥＮＴＩＦＩＣＷＡＴＥＲＭＡＮＡＧＥＭＥＮＴＩＮＷＩＮＴＥＲＷＨＥＡＴＰＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＡＮＤＩＴＳＥＣＯＮＯＭＩＣＢＥＮＥＦＩＴＳＩＮＮＯＲＴＨＣＨＩＮＡＡｎＳｈｕｎｑｉｎｇ（安顺清）ａｎｄＬｉｕＧｅｎｇｓｈａｎ（刘庚山）Ｒｅｓｅａｒ...

简介：TheThreeGorgesProjectisoneofthelargesthydro-projectsintheworldandhasdrawnmanydebatesinsideChinaandabroad.Themajorconcernisthatsedimentloadfromtheriverbasinmayeventuallyfailthefunctionsoftheprojectforfloodcontrolandpowergeneration.Toreducesedimentationinthereservoir,watershedmanagementhasbeenadopted.However,thereislimitedinformationregardingtheeffectivenessofvariouscontrolmeasuressuchasterracingandafforestationonawatershedscale.TheJialingRiver,amaintributaryoftheYangtzeRiver,contributesapproximately25%ofthetotalsedimentloadinthemainriverbutonlyrepresents8%ofthewholebasinarea.TherehavebeenvariouslandusepatternsandextensivehumanactivitiesforthousandsofyearsintheJialingRiverwatershed.BasedonanalysisofthemajorfactorsaffectingerosionintheJialingRiverwatershed,themainwatershedmanagementstrategies(afforestation,farmingandengineeringpractice)areillustrated,andtheireffectsonthereductionofsedimentandrunoffarestudiedindetail.Thesedimentbudgetofthewatershedshowsthat1/3ofthesedimentyieldistrappedbytheerosioncontrolmeasures(afforestationandfarming)ontheslope,1/3istrappedbythereservoirs,pondsanddamswithinthewatershed,andonlyabout1/3istransportedintotheYangtzeRiver,whichwillaffecttheThreeGorgesProject.

简介：The2018PaluMW7.5earthquakeandtsunamiattractedgeophysicists'attentionforitsstrikeslipfocalmechanismandmagnitude.Weinspectedthedetailsofthisdisasteranddiscusseditsparticularityandpossiblecausations.Thesubmarinelandslideandspecialterrainconditionscouldhavecontributedtotheunusualsizeofthetsunami.Theearlywarningsystemandthepostdisasterresponseisalsoreviewed.Efficientsocialwarningsandbroadcastsystemsalongwithgoodmaintenanceisessential.Wealsofoundthatenhancingpublicsscientificliteracyisthemostimportantwaytoreducedisasterdamageandcasualties.Moreover,socialconditionsandrebuildingdifficultiesposttsunamiarerelatedasreferenceresourcesforfuturedisastermanagementstrategies.

简介：Coastallowlandshavelargeareasofhazardimpactandrelativelylowcapacityofpreventiontothewaterrelatedhazards,whichhavebeenindicatedbythewide-spreadfloodhazards,highpercentagesoflandwithhighfloodvulnerability.Increasingpopulationpressureandtheshiftofresourcesexploitationfromlandtoseawillforcemoreandmorecoastallowlandstobedevelopedinthefuture,furtherenhancingthedangerofwater-relatedhazards.Inthispaper,thecoastallowlandsinthenorthernJiangsuprovince,China,wereselectedasacasestudy.TheInterpretationStructuralModel(ISM)wasemployedtoanalyzethedirectandindirectimpactsamongtheelementswithinthesystem,andthereby,toidentifythecausalelements,middlelinkages,theirexpressions,andrelations.

简介：Aregionalgroundwatermanagementsystemhasbeenelaborated,integratingRelationalDatabaseManagementSystem(RDBMS)andvariouswebservices.Itconsistsofwebgeospatialapplicationso-calledHydrIS(HydrogeologicalInformationSystem)basedonOpenSourcecomponentsandtechnologies,leadingtoafeasibleandlow-costsolution.Therefore,HydrISpermitsdeliveryofdatafromanumberofheterogeneoussourcestostandardssupportedbytheOpenGeospatialConsortium(OGC).TheprotocolsusedforexchangingdataarealsoderivedfromOGCstandards,i.e.,WMS(WebMappingService),WFS(WebFeatureService),andWCS(WebCoverageService).Finally,ageoportalwasdeveloped,whichconsistsofclient-applicationsthatcommunicatewithdifferentWebServices(WMS,WCS,anAdWprFoSto)ttyhpreoufogrhwHeTbT-Pb-aresqeudeGstISs.applicationwasdesignedusingthedeegreeFrameworktoprovidesystematicinterfacesandfunctions.Thissystemwasdevelopedtodemonstratethevalueofmakinghydrogeologicaldatamorewidelyaccessiblethroughclient/serverarchitecture.Thisexperienceandknowledgealreadygainedinthisprojectwillbeasourcefortechnologytransferandpolicydecisions.Otherwise,thiswillenableusergroupstoimprovethemanagementoftheirground-waterresourcesandcontributetoenhanceddecisionsupportcapabilities.

简介：AnOracle8i-basedap-proachisproposedtomanagetheinte-grateddatabasesoflargeCyberCity.Thisapproachconsistsofthreeisdesignedtoacceleratespatialretrieving,inwhichtheboundingboxesoflocalregionshavenointersectionandallleafnodesoftheR+-tree(geome-tryrecords)havenorepetition;rithmsareadoptedtocompressthedigitalelevationmodels,3Dvectormodelsandimages,suchasLZ77losslesscompressionalgorithmforcompressionofvectordataandJPEGcompressionalgorithmsfortextureim-Oracle8idatabase,aCyberCityGISspatialdatabaseengine(SDE)isdesigned.OnthebasisofthisSDEpro-totypeacasestudyisdone.

简介：EDSSisacomprehensivesoftwaresystemforwaterqualitymanagementintidalrivernetworksingeneralandforthePearlRiverDeltainparticular.Itspurposeistoprovideapracticaltoolthatcouldassistgovernmentagenciesindecisionmakingfortheefficientmanagementofwaterresourcesintermsofbothquantityandquality.Bycombiningthecapabilitiesofgeographicalinformationsystem(GIS),databasemanagementsystem(DBMS),modelbasemanagementsystem(MBMS)andexpertsystem,theaimistoimprovethequalityofdecisionmakinginwhatisbecominganincreasinglycomplexarea.ThispaperfirstoutlinesthebasicconceptsandphilosophyadoptedindevelopingEDSS,thesystemarchitecture,designfeatures,implementationtechniquesandfacilitiesprovided.Thereafter,thecorepartofthesystemthehydrodynamicandwaterqualitymodelsaredescribedbriefly.ThefinalcontributioninthispaperdescribestheapplicationofEDSStothePearlRiverDelta,whichhasthemostcomplicatedtidalrivernetworkpatternsaswellasthefastesteconomicdevelopmentintheworld.Examplesaregivenofthereal-worldproblemsthatcanbeaddressedusingthesystem,includingcross-boundarywaterpollutionanalysis,regionaldrinkingwatertake-upsiteselection,screeningofimportantpolluters,environmentalimpactassessment,andwaterqualityzoningandplanning.ItisillustratedthatEDSScanprovideefficientandscientificanalyticaltoolsforplanninganddecision-makingpurposesintheinformationera.

简介：Coastalerosionisaseriousproblemofconcernalongthesouthwest(SW)coastofIndia.Variouscoastalprotectionmeasureshavebeenappliedfortherecoveryofthecoast,butthedevastatingeffectoferosionstillcontinues.ThepresentstudyfocusesonacoastalstretchsituatedonthesouthernsectoroftheSWcoastofIndia,whereSundarandSannasiraj(2006)proposedagroynefieldalongwithanexistingseawalltocontrolsevereerosion.Inordertoconfirmthenetlittoraldriftofthisregionandforapreliminaryassessmentoftheperformanceofthegroynespriortoconstructionoftheproposedgroynefield,twogroyneswereinitiallyconstructedasapilotprogramin2008-09.Periodicmonitoringofshorelinepositionwiththetwogroynesinplacewascarriedoutduring2009-14.Ashorelineevolutionmodelforthestudyregionwassetup,calibrated,andvalidatedusingfieldobservationsduring2010-11.Inadditiontotraditionalshorelineevolutionmodellingprocedures,aprofilesimulationmodelwasappliedforsimulatingtheshorelinebehaviourduringextrememonsoonseasons.ThevalidatedLITPACKmodelhasbeenusedtoevaluatetheperformanceoftheproposedgroynefieldincontrollingerosion,andthestudyalsoconsideredtestingamodifiedtransitionalgroynefieldproposedasanalternativesolutiontotheexistingproblem,andthemodifiedtransitionalgroynefieldwasfoundtobemoreeffectivethanthepriordesign.Abeachisexpectedtodevelopabout30–50mwithinthegroynecellsduringthefairseasonwhichenhancesthepossibilityofretainingaminimumbeachwidthof10mduringmonsoonperiods.&2017InternationalResearchandTrainingCentreonErosionandSedimentation/theWorldAssociationforSedimentationandErosionResearch.PublishedbyElsevierB.V.Allrightsreserved.