简介:顾名思义,“环境悬崖”即人类赖以存在和发展的环境处于危险边缘,若人类继续目前的行为方式,则人类及其环境便将坠入深渊绝境.“环境悬崖”作为一诗意的表达,可用来概括我们的处境,激发人们投入环保的热情;但若被当作科学的表达,则有失精确性.科学的“环境悬崖”观可被理解为“环境对经济增长贡献率”或“经济增长对自然环境依赖程度”的陡然降低.这种前瞻式的“环境悬崖”观虽可为努力的方向和目标,但其是否可能本身值得怀疑.然而,无论如何理解,我们的环境形势确实非常严峻,它正趋于“崩解”.环境趋于崩解的根源,一般认为是“人类中心论”,而对应之道便是“生态中心论”或“弱意义人类中心论”.但无论“生态中心论”还是“弱意义人类中心论”,都与“人类中心论”有共享的前提:以人类的利益和福祉为目标,都不足以阻遏环境崩解之势.实际上,当今环境趋于崩解的根源在于量化、物化的效果论思想以及以之为据的资本主义生产方式.因此,阻遏环境崩解,需要我们摆脱效果论立场,去另寻资源,促进以其为根据的社会转型.阻遏环境崩解,一靠技术进步,二靠制度创新.技术进步由于其天然的局限,无法根本阻遏环境崩解;而建立在尊重和善待一切存在者本性基础上的,能使一切存在者各得其所各遂其性的制度创新,以及因此向“敞开的社会”的转型,将成为阻遏环境崩解的必然选择.
简介:Forestcertificationhasdevelopedveryquicklyacrosstheworldasoneofthemostimportantmarketinitiativetopromotesustainableforestmanagement(SFM).Itssuccessandeffectivenessareinfluencedbysomekeyfactors,includingcredibility,costeffectiveness,certificationstandard,effectiveness,equitableness,government'sroleandlaws/regulationsframework.ThepaperanalyzedthesekeyfactorstothesuccessofforestcertificationandputforwardrelevantsuggestionsandadvicesforChinatod...
简介:Theisolation,cultureandtheactivedeterminationofpoplaricenucleationactive(INA)bacteriaandtheinoculationtestsinlaboratoryandfieldwereconducted,andthevarieties,distributionandnumberofpoplarINAbacteriaanditspathogenicityandfreezinginjurypropertyweredetermined.ThestudyresultsshowedthattheINAbacteriawidelyspreadonpoplarinNortheastChinaandcausedthefrozeninjuryforpoplarunderthefrostconditioninSpringorAutumn,whichwasthekeyfactortoinduceINAbacterialcanker.Throughevaluationandinvestigationofdifferentpoplarvarietiesandinoculationtests,finedisease-resistantvarietiesandstrainsofpoplarsuitableforNortheastChinawereselected.Furthertestsforstrongseedlingshowedthatburyingcuttingsinsandandcoveringwithplasticfilmcouldeffectivelyavoidthefrostbite,frozenanddroughtdamage,reduceINAbacteriainfection,andpromotepoplargrowth.INAbacterialcankerwasdetectedearlybyhighlyspecializedantiserumsofINAbacteriaandtheagglutinatedtestofring-shapedboundarysurface.Theinducerssuchasstreptomycin,phenylmercuricacetae,salicylicacidandheat-killedbacteriatoimmersecuttings,haveobviousinduceddisease-resistanteffect.Beforepoplarsproutedinearlyspring,throughsprayingthesolutionoffrostbiteagent,thecontroleffectalsowasobvious.
简介:HuoshanChina-NetherlandsPovertyAlleviationProjectisanintegratedpovertyreliefprojectassistingHuoshanCountyofAnhuiProvincebyNetherlandsgovernment.Itwasstartedin1998withadurationof5years.Thewholeprojectwillpersistinabasicthoughtofpatticipatorythinking,s...
简介:当今,巨大的国际、国内实木复合地板市场,为我国实木复合地板产业发展提供了广阔舞台。近几年来.我国实木复合地板产业呈现出持续快速发展的态势。在激烈的市场竞争中,随着世界实木复合地板制造技术、品质的不断提升以及广阔的市场空间,我国实木复合地板产业在各方面也逐步走向成熟,生产量在迅速猛增。据国家林业局统计,2006年我国实木复合地板产量为5183.92万平方米。占全国木地板总产量23,398.99万平方米的1/5强,比重达到22.22%,比2005年实木复合地板产量1278.24万平方米增加3905.86万平方米,增长3.06倍。这一增长速度,可以说是创历史之最。