简介：Ricesheathblight,causedbyRhizoctoniasolani(Kühn),isanotorioussoil-bornediseaseprevalentinmanyrice-growingregions.AlthoughseveralsporadicstudiesofmycovirusesinR.solaniAG-1IAhavebeenreportedforsinglestrainofR.solaniAG-1IA,therehavebeennoreportsdescribingthedistributionanddiversityofmycovirusesinnaturalpopulations.Inthisstudy,43R.solaniAG-1IAstrainscollectedfromdifferentlocationsinChinawereexaminedforthepresenceofdsRNAelementstoconfirmthepresenceofviralinfections.Electrophoretypesshowedthat16ofthe43fungalstrains(37.2%)containeddsRNAsthatcanbecharacterizedasviruses.Furthermore,thespecies-specificreversetranscriptionPCR(RT-PCR)showeddsRNAbandswithsimilarsizesdonotalwayscontainthesamevirusbutexistasmixedmycoviralinfections.Thus,ourfindingsindicatemycovirusesinfectingR.solaniAG-1IAinChinaarediverse,widespreadanduniversal.

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简介：Smallubiquitin-likemodifier(SUMO)-conjugatingenzymesareinvolvedinpost-translationalregulatoryprocessesineukaryotes,includingtheconjugationofSUMOpeptidestoproteinsubstrate(SUMOylation).SUMOylationplaysanimportantroleinimprovingplanttolerancetoabioticstresssuchassalt,drought,heatandcold.Herein,wereportedtheisolationofOsSCE1(LOC_Os10g39120)geneencodingaSUMO-conjugatingenzymefromrice(Oryzasativacv.Nipponbare)anditsfunctionalvalidationinresponsetodroughtstress.TheE2enzyme,OsSCE1,isoneofthreekeyenzymesinvolvedintheconjugationofSUMOtoitstargetproteins.ActivatedSUMOistransferredtothecysteineofanE2enzymeandthentothetargetlysineresidueofthesubstrate,withorwithoutthehelpofanE3SUMOligase.ExpressionofOsSCE1wasstronglyinducedbypolyethyleneglycol6000(PEG6000)treatment,whichsuggestedOsSCE1maybeinvolvedinthedroughtstressresponse.OverexpressionofOsSCE1(OsSCE1-OX)inNipponbarereducedthetolerancetodroughtstress.Conversely,thedroughttolerancewasslightlyimprovedbytheknockdownofOsSCE1(OsSCE1-KD).TheseresultswerefurthersupportedbymeasurementofprolinecontentinOsSCE1-OXandOsSCE1-KDtransgeniclinesunderinduceddroughtstress,whichshowedOsSCE1-KDtransgeniclinesaccumulatedhigherprolinecontentthanthewildtype,whereasOsSCE1-OXlinehadlowerprolinecontentthanthewildtype.ThesefindingssuggestedOsSCE1mayplayaroleasanegativeregulatorinresponsetodroughtstressinrice.

简介：为了从叶理解器官的氮的重新分配到大米的花头，，夫酸安合成酶(GS)的角色被描绘GS1调查RNAi转基因的大米，它每圆锥花序在圆锥花序数字和种子的数字揭示了重要减小。我们在三个不同的花开发阶段在标志叶子，叶鞘和圆锥花序在transcriptional和蛋白质层次观察了GS适应于不同地区生活的动物的表达式。GS1的mRNA表示；1清楚地在旗帜叶子被压制，特别在flowering阶段。当GS1蛋白质在叶鞘和圆锥花序被损害时，GS1蛋白质在标志叶子是恰好可检测的直到flowering阶段，与在flowering阶段的GS2蛋白质的短暂表示。在转基因的植物的夫酸安水平显著地在旗帜叶子和圆锥花序被减少，但是铵高度被积累。包括aspartate和天门冬素，另外的氨基酸的水平趋于在繁殖阶段期间比野类型植物在RNAi转基因的植物更高。另外，在有低夫酸安水平力量的圆锥花序的有毒的铵的累积在转基因的米饭引起了低种子背景。这些结果显示氮重新分配为圆锥花序开发，和那多重GS是批评的当叶氮被重新动员到发展时，适应于不同地区生活的动物合作地工作了完成米饭生命周期繁殖机关。