简介：Aratmodelofchronictympanicmembraneperforationwasdevelopedtobeusedinthesearchofnewmaterialsforthesealingoftheseperforations.AlongitudinalstudywascarriedoutinratssubjectedtoincisionalmyringotomyfollowedbytheapplicationofmitomycinCaloneorwithdexamethasone.Ratswerecheckedatdays3,7,10,14andweeklythereafteruntilperforationclosure,forupto6months.Theadditionofdexamethasoneisakeycomponentinordertoobtainachronicopening.Myringotomiestreatedwithsalinehadameanhealingtimeof8.5days.At8weeks,between62.5%and77.7%oftympanicmembranestreatedwithmitomycinCanddexamethasoneremainedperforatedandat6monthsthisnumberfellto21.4%.Thistechniqueisabletomaintainmosttympanicmembraneperforationspatentforatleast8weeks.Thisratmodelisadequateforitsuseinpreclinicalortranslationalresearch.

简介：Objective:EvaluatingtheauditoryfunctioninpatientswithchronichepatitisCtreatedwithsofosbuvirandribavirin.Methods:Thisstudyinvolved80patientswithchronichepatitisCwhoagreedtoreceivesofosbuvirandribavirin.Allparticipantsweresubjectedtobaselineotologicalandaudiologicalassessmentjustbeforetreatment.Theaudiologicalassessmentincludedstandardpuretoneaudiometry,extendedhighfrequencyaudiometry,immitancemetryandotoacousticemissions(OAEs)(transientanddistortionproduct).Accordingtobaselinehearingthresholdmeasurements,thestudypopulationwasdividedinto2groups.Group1included42patientswithnormalhearingsensitivity(250e8000Hz),andGroup2included38patientswithsensorineuralhearingloss.After24weeksoftherapy,otologicalandaudiologicalassessmentswererepeatedandcomparedbetweenthetwogroupsandbeforeandaftertherapy.Results:Post-treatmenthearingthresholdevaluationshowednosignificantdifferencefrompretreatmentevaluationatalltestedfrequencies.Therewasnostatisticallysignificantdifferencebetweenpreandpost-treatmentotoacousticemissionsresults.Conclusion:TherapywithsofosbuvirandribavirininchronichepatitisChasnonoticeableeffectsoncochlearfunctions.

简介：ObjectiveToinvestigatetheearlychangeofcochlearribbonsynapsesoninnerhaircellsinresponsetoaminoglycosideototoxicity.MethodsC57BL/6Jmicereceivedintraperitonealinjectionofgentamicin(100mg/kg/day),andtheapicalcoilorganofCortiwasexaminedonthe4th,7thand10thday(n=10).Litter-mateswithoutgentamicintreatmentservedascontrols(n=10).RIBEYEonthepresynapticmembraneandAMPAreceptorsonthepostsynapticmembranewerelabeledwithCtBP2orGluR2/3respectively.Threedi-mensionreconstructionwasconductedusingthe3DSMAX8.0software.ResultsTherewerenodisruptionsofouterorinnerhaircellsinallgroups.However,thenumberofribbonsynapsesoncochlearinnerhaircellsincreasedsignificantlywithin7daysaftergentamicinexposure(P<0.01),followedbyasignificantde-creaseafter7days.ConclusionDuringtheearlystageofaminoglycosideototoxicity,increasedpopulationofcochlearribbonsynapsesmayindicateasignificantdown-regulationofsynapticfunction.

简介：ObjectiveTostudycharacteristicsofhearinglossafterexposuretomoderatenoiseexposureinC57BL/6Jmice.MethodsMaleC57BL/6Jmicewithnormalhearingatageof5-6weekswerechosenforthisstudy.Themicewererandomlyselectedtobestudiedimmediatelyafterexposure(GroupP0),or1day(GroupP1),3days(GroupP3),7days(GroupP7)or14days(P14)afterexposure.Theirbeforeexposureconditionservedasthenormalcontrol.Allmicewereexposedtoabroad-bandwhitenoiseat100dBSPLfor2hours,ABRthresholdswereusedtoestimatehearingstatusateachtimepoint.ResultsABRthresholdelevationwasseenateverytestedfrequencyatP0(P<0.01).Elevationathigh-frequencies(16kHzand32kHz)wasgreaterthanatlowerfrequencies(4kHzand8kHz,P<0.05).FromP1toP14,ABRthresholdscontinuouslyimproved,andtherewasnosignificantdifferencebetweenP14andbeforeexposure(P>0.05).ConclusionThereisafrequencyspecificresponseto100dBSPLbroad-bandwhitenoiseinC57BL/6Jmice,withthehigh-frequencybeingmoresusceptible.HearinglossinducedbymoderatenoiseexposureappearsreversibleinC57BL/6Jmice.

简介：Objective:Todeterminewhetheranew-bornchildfromafamilycarryingadeafnessgeneneedscochlearimplantationtoavoiddysphoniabyscreeningandsequencingadeafness-relatedgene.Results:BothscreeningandsequencingresultsconfirmedthatthenewbornchildhadanormalGJB2genedespitethefactthatshehasabrothersufferingfromhearinglosstriggeredbyanallelicGJB2c.176del16mutation.WeclonedtheGJB2genesderivedfromtheirrespectivebloodgenomicDNAintoGFPfusedplasmidsandtransfectedthoseplasmidsintothe293Tcelllinetotestforgenefunction.WhilethemutatedGJB2gene(GJB2c.176del16)ofherdeafbrotherwasfoundtobeunabletoformthegapjunctionstructurebetweentwoadjacentcells,thebabygirl’sGJB2generanintonosuchproblems.Conclusion:ThescreeningandsequencingaswellastheGJB2genefunctiontestsinvariablyshowedresultsconsistentwiththeABRtestedhearingphenotype,whichmeansthatthechild,withanormalwildtypeGJB2gene,doesnotneedearlyinterventiontopreventherfromdevelopinghearinglossanddysphoniaatalaterstageinlife.

简介：摘要目的观察负荷剂量氯吡格雷联合阿司匹林肠溶片控制神经功能恶化的疗效及安全性。方法对2012年12月至2014年12月我院神经内科住院的258例缺血性卒中患者，122例联合应用负荷剂量的氯吡格雷与负荷剂量的阿司匹林肠溶片治疗，126例患者单用负荷剂量的阿司匹林肠溶片治疗，比较发病72小时、2周神经功能恶化的情况。结果治疗组较对照组进展减少，NIHSS评分下降，差异具有统计意义。结论负荷剂量氯吡格雷联合阿司匹林控制神经功能进展疗效优于单用阿司匹林。

简介：目的观察Nucleus24CA型人工耳蜗植入后电极阻抗、行为反应阈值（T-level,T级）及最大舒适级（C-level,C级）的变化规律,分析其内在联系,探讨其对术后调机的指导意义。方法对81例植入Nucleus24CA型人工耳蜗患儿,分别在术中、术后1、2、6个月进行电极阻抗阈值测试,收集术后对应T、C值,并对其变化规律及相关性进行统计学分析。结果电极阻抗值术中检测最低,术后1月开机最高,此后逐渐减低（P〈0.01）;自蜗顶至蜗底各通道间电极阻抗值无显著差异（P〉0.05）。各电极通道T值、C值随术后时间延长逐渐增高（P〈0.05）,并与电极阻抗值呈线性相关。结论测定电极阻抗值是评估人工耳蜗刺激电极状态的有效手段;术后2月应同时调试T值及C值,此后则应对C值进行重点调试。

简介：目的用细胞学方法,分析线粒体DNA12SrRNA基因中C1494T突变在氨基糖甙类抗生素聋发病机理中的作用.方法从携有线粒体DNAC1494T突变的母系遗传性氨基糖甙类抗生素性耳聋的中国大家系选择部分成员,另外从遗传背景相同的正常中国人群选择对照个体,分别建立淋巴细胞系;并通过细胞融合技术,将淋巴细胞系的线粒体分别融合到缺乏线粒体DNA的p0206细胞中,建立相应的转线粒体细胞系;家系成员与对照个体的淋巴细胞系和转线粒体细胞系,分别在不含/含有氨基糖甙类抗生素(巴龙霉素)的培养液中培养,以倍增时间(doublingtime,DT)作为细胞生长特性的评价标准,通过计算在正常和含有氨基糖甙类抗生素的培养液中倍增时间的比值,比较氨基糖甙类抗生素对细胞生长的影响.结果携有线粒体DNAC1494T突变家系成员较对照个体的淋巴细胞系的倍增时间比值平均增加了24%,但不同家系成员的细胞倍增时间比值的增加程度不同,自10%至50%不等;而当细胞核遗传背景相同后,家系成员较对照个体的转线粒体细胞系的倍增时间比值增长30%,并且来自不同表型的家系成员的细胞倍增时间比值基本相同.结论线粒体DNAC1494T突变可以造成细胞对氨基糖甙类抗生素的超敏性,但其效应要受到核基因的调控.

简介：目的探讨老年性耳蜗毛细胞损害与中药复方健耳剂两种喂药方法干预的作用。方法选择1月龄C57BL/6J小鼠22只用于本实验,其中4只小鼠每日饮用自来水直到出生后3个月作为幼龄对照组;6只小鼠每日饮用自来水直到出生后7个月作为老年性聋对照组;6只小鼠每日自动饮用中药复方健耳剂直到出生后7个月;另6只小鼠每日自动饮用同样中药至4个月后改用每日人工灌服直到出生后7个月。各组动物实验到期终止后,取耳蜗进行全耳蜗基底膜铺片,将全耳蜗内、外毛细胞计数结果输入计算机并应用耳蜗图软件进行耳蜗毛细胞密度对比分析,其中选择基底膜上重要的病变区间的毛细胞密度进行统计学分析。结果3月龄对照组小鼠耳蜗外、内毛细胞缺损仅仅出现在耳蜗底回钩端区域;7月龄对照组外、内毛细胞缺损从底回基底膜起始端扩展到距离耳蜗顶端约40%区域;7月龄中药灌服组和自动饮用组动物的内、外毛细胞缺损范围和程度相似,均显著比7月龄对照组为轻（P〈0.001）。结论中药复方健耳剂能够有效延缓C57BL/6J小鼠老年性耳蜗毛细胞损害的发生和发展,两种喂药方式所起作用相同（P〉0.05）,其药理机制可能与其改善微循环,清除活性氧,保护线粒体等作用相关。

简介：目的探讨不同周龄C57BL/6小鼠内耳形态学及其ABR阈值变化。方法取C57BL/6小鼠3周、4周、12周、26周各10只,听性脑干反应(ABR)测试双侧2、4、8、16、20kHzABR阈值。采用基底膜铺片MyosinⅥ、Neurofilament免疫组化染色,观察耳蜗毛细胞和神经丝的变化。扫描电镜观察耳蜗毛细胞及其静纤毛随年龄的变化。结果随着年龄增长,C57BL/6小鼠各频率ABR阈值明显提高,顶转和底转内毛细胞缺失逐渐增多,神经丝染色渐淡,毛细胞静纤毛逐渐发生数量减少、增粗融合、倒伏等变化。到26周龄时已达到重度聋,各频率较3周组有显著统计学差异。顶转和底转内毛细胞有连续缺失,外毛细胞完全缺失,内毛细胞只有残存的少量静纤毛,粗细不均,倒伏明显。结论本研究对国产C57BL/6小鼠的内耳形态进行观察,明确了其ABR阈值和内耳毛细胞的变化规律,为用国产C57BL/6小鼠进行老年性聋研究提供了依据。

简介：目的探讨幼年和10月龄C57BL／6J小鼠听力及初级听皮质（AI）中凋亡抑制蛋白XIAP的年龄相关变化。方法检测两组C57BL/6J小鼠听性脑干反应（ABR）；免疫组织化学法染色检测两组C57BL/6J初级听皮质神经元凋亡抑制蛋白XIAP的表达情况。结果与幼年C57BL／6J小鼠相比，10月龄C57BL/6J的ABR反应阈值更高，凋亡抑制蛋白XIAP的表达显著减少。结论随年龄增长C57BL/6J小鼠的听力减退，同时C57BL／6J小鼠大脑初级听皮质凋亡抑制蛋白表达减少，XIAP的表达水平可能与C57BL/6J小鼠听力减退有关。

简介：Objective:Toinvestigateimmune-relatedgeneticbackgroundinbilateralsuddensensorineuralhearingloss(SSNHL).Casereportandmethods:Thecaseisa45-year-oldmanpresentingwitha7-yearhistoryofbilateralprofoundSSNHL.Bloodbiochemicaltestingdemonstratedincreasedlevelsoftotalcholesterol(5.88mmol/L).TestsforhepatitisBshowedapositiveantibodyagainstthehepatitisBcoreantigen.ComplementC3wasbelowthenormalvalue,andcomplementC4andIgGwereinthelowerrangeofnormalvalues.CTimagesshowedanormalinnerearandvestibularaqueductbutroundwindowmembranousossificationonbothsides.Atotalnumberof232immuneassociatedgenesweresequencedusingthenextgenerationsequencingtechnique.Results:Mutationsweredetectedin5genes,includingthephosphoinositide3-kinasecatalyticsubunitdelta(PIK3CD),caspaserecruitmentdomain-containingprotein9(CARD9),complementfactorH-related(CFHR2),immunoglobulinlambda-likepolypeptide1Protein(IGLL1),andtransmembranechannel-likegenefamily8(TMC8).InthePIK3CDgene,aC896Tsubstituteinexon7wasdetected.Thismutationcausesprimaryimmunodeficiencyandisanautosomaldominantdisease.Conclusion:ThePIK3CDC896TmutationresponsibleforprimaryimmunodeficiencymaycontributetotheonsetofbilateralSSNHLwithsubsequentrapidprogression.