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简介：BackgroundOurpreviousstudyshowedthe150mg/mLfetalcardiacsupernatant(FCS)couldinducedifferentiationofBMSCsintocardiomyocye-likecellswithoutcardiomyocytetouch,butdifferentiationefficiencyisnothighenough.Inhibitionofglycogensynthasekinase-3enhancedtheproliferationandsurvivesofstemcells.Wetestedif6-bromoindirubin-3-oxime(BIO,glycogensynthasekinase-3inhibitor)enhancestheeffectsofFCSondifferentiationofBMSCsandexplorethegrowthfactorsinFCS.MethodsBMSCswereisolatedfromthefemurandtibiaoffour-week-oldmaleSprague-Dawleyratsandco-culturedwithFCS(150mg/mL)thatwasmadefromfetalheartsfromnineteen-daypregnantWistarrats.BIOwithdifferentconcentration(0,1,10,and100nM)wasintroducedinculturedishes.Transforminggrowthfactorbeta1(TGF-β1),bonemorphogeneticprotein2(BMP-2)andAktincardiacsupernatantandculturemediumwereassayedwithELISAmethods.ResultsAfterco-culturingwithFCS,beatingmyotubeswereobservedin25.9%BMSCsdishesafter1to2weeks’culture.ThelevelsofTGF-β1andBMP-2inFCSconcentrationswerenomorethanthatinyoungandadultcardiacsupernatant.AllBIOgroupssignificantlyenhancedtheeffectsofFCSondifferentiationofBMSCsintothecardiomyocyte-likecells(1nM,83%;10nM,73%;100nM,100%).AktlevelswerehigherinBMSCsculturalmediumwithFCS.ConclusionsFCScouldinducethedifferentiationofBMSCsintothecardiomyocyte-likecells.TGF-β1andBMP-2mightnotplayaroleinthedifferentiationofBMSCsinducedbyFCS.BIOenhancedtheeffectsofFCSonthedifferentiationofBMSCsintocardiomyocyte-likecells,whichmightinvolvetheAktpathway.

简介：BackgroundIt'sestablishedthatLectin-likeoxidizedlow-densitylipoproteinreceptor-1(LOX-1)isinvolvedinintimalhyperplasiaafterballooninjury.Therecentevidencealsosuggeststhatvalsartanhasanantiatheroscleticeffect.Inthisstudy,theexpressionofLOX-1andtheeffectofvalsartanonitsexpressionwasinvestigatedinrataortaafterballooninjury.MethodsRatmodelofaorticendothelialdenudationwasinducedby2Fballooncatheter.Ratswererandomlydividedintothreegroups:control,operationandvalsartantreatment.Theaortictissuesweretakenfromratsineachgroupondays14and28aftersurgery.ThethicknessofvascularwallwasmeasuredwithHEstain,LOX-1mRNAandproteinweredeterminedbyreversetranscription-polymersechainreaction(RT-PCR)andimmunohistochemistry,respectively.ResultsComparedwiththecontrolgroup,significantintimalthickeningwasobservedatday14and28afterinjury.Comparedwiththeoperationgroup,intimalthicknessofeachtimepointwassignificantlydecreasedinvalsartantreatmentgroup.Atday14and28afterballooninjury,theexpressionlevelsofLOX-1mRNAandproteinweresignificantlyincreased,andweregreatlydecreasedaftervalsartantreatment.ConclusionsTheexpressionofLOX-1isincreasedafterendothelialinjury.Valsartaninhibitsaorticintimalthickeninginducedbyendothelialdenudation,whichisassociatedwiththedownregulationofLOX-1expression.