简介:Purpose:Thepurposeofthisstudywastoexamine,usingmeta-analyticmeasures,theevidenceregardingtheoptimalexerciseintensityatwhichimprovementsinspeedofcognitivefunctionaretriggered.Specifically,itwashypothesizedthatthecatecholamine,lactate,andventilatorythresholdsisthepointatwhichsignificantimprovementsinspeedofcognitivefunctionareobserved.Methods:Wecomparedmeaneffectsizesforthresholdstudiesandforthosestudieswhereexerciseintensitywasclassedasmoderate(40%e79%VO2maxorequivalent)butinwhichthethresholdswerenotmeasured.Results:Randomeffectsmeta-analysisshowedsignificant,moderate,meaneffectsizesforstudiesatthethreshold(g=0.58,Z=2.98,p<0.003)andforthoseduringmoderateintensityexercisebutinwhichthethresholdwasnotmeasured(g=0.54,Z=5.01,p<0.001).Therewasnosignificantdifferencebetweenmeaneffectsizes,whichsuggeststhatthethresholdsareunlikelytorepresentatriggerpoint.Conclusion:Moderateintensityexercise,evenbelowthethresholds,caninduceimprovedspeedofcognition,possiblyduetoacombinationofincreasedperipheralcatecholamineconcentrationsinducingvagal/nucleustractussolitariipathwayactivationandcentralincreasesduetoperceptionsofstress.
简介:2004年全国象棋团体赛男乙组第五轮,农民体协队与湖南队相遇。农协队一台程进超以4连胜的战绩为本队三胜一和积7分领先打下了坚实的基础。湖南队一台是潇湘小将谢业建,他去年加盟开滦煤矿队参加象甲联赛为开滦队获得季军立下了汗马功劳。