简介:Thispaperproposesanewtechniquethatisusedtoembeddepthmapsintocorresponding2-dimensional(2D)images.Sincea2Dimageanditsdepthmapareintegratedintoonetypeofimageformat,theycanbetreatedasiftheywereone2Dimage.Thereby,itcanreducetheamountofdatain3Dimagesbyhalfandsimplifytheprocessesforsendingthemthroughnetworksbecausethesynchronizationbetweenimagesfortheleftandrighteyesbecomesunnecessary.Weembeddepthmapsinthequantizeddiscretecosinetransform(DCT)dataof2Dimages.Thekeytothistechniqueiswhetherthedepthmapscouldbeembeddedinto2Dimageswithoutperceivablydeterioratingtheirquality.Wetrytoreducetheirdeteriorationbycompressingthedepthmapdatabyusingthedifferencesfromthenextpixeltotheleft.Weassumethatthereisonlyonenon-zeropixelatmostononehorizontallineintheDCTblockbecausethedepthmapvalueschangeabruptly.Weconductanexperimenttoevaluatethequalityofthe2Dimagesembeddedwithdepthmapsandfindthatsatisfactoryqualitycouldbeachieved.
简介:3Dprintingisdisruptingthedesignandmanufactureofelectronicproducts.3Dprintingelectronicsoffersgreatpotentialtobuildcomplexobjectwithmultiplefunctionalities.Particularly,ithasshowntheuniqueabilitytomakeembeddedelectronics,3Dstructuralelectronics,conformalelectronics,stretchableelectronics,etc.3Dprintingelectronicshasbeenconsideredasthenextfrontierinadditivemanufacturingandprintedelectronics.Overthepastfiveyears,alargenumberofstudiesandeffortsregarding3Dprintingelectronicshavebeencarriedoutbybothacademiaandindustries.Inthispaper,acomprehensivereviewofrecentadvancesandsignificantachievementsin3Dprintingelectronicsisprovided.Furthermore,theprospects,challengesandtrendsof3Dprintingelectronicsarediscussed.Finally,somepromisingsolutionsforproducingelectronicswith3Dprintingarepresented.
简介:Analternativemethodisproposedinthisletterfordescribingthearbitraryshapeandsizeforgranulesin2Dimage.Afterimagebinarization,theedgepointsoncontouraredetected,bywhichthecentroidoftheshapeinquestionissoughtusingthemomentcalculation.UsingPrincipalComponentAnalysis(PCA),themajorandminordiametersarecomputed.Basedonthesignaturecurve-fitting,thefirst-orderderivativeistakensoastoseekallthecharacteristicvertices.Byconnectingtheverticesfound,thesimplifiedpolygonisformedandutilizedforshapeandsizedescriptivepurposes.Thedevelopedalgorithmisrunontwogivenrealparticleimages,andtheexecutionresultsindicatethatthecomputedparameterscantechnicallywelldescribetheshapeandsizefortheoriginalparticles,beingabletoprovideaready-to-usedatabaseformachinevisionsystemtoperformrelateddataprocessingtasks.
简介:InthispaperthedesignandimplementationofMulti-Dimensional(MD)filter,particularly3-Dimensional(3D)filter,arepresented.Digital(discretedomain)filtersappliedtoimageandvideosignalprocessingusingthenovel3Dmultiratealgorithmsforefficientimplementationofmovingobjectextractionareengineeredwithanexample.Themultirate(decimationand/orinterpolation)signalprocessingalgorithmscanachievesignificantsavingsincomputationandmemoryusage.Theproposedalgorithmusesthemappingrelationsofz-transferfunctionsbetweennon-multirateandmultiratemathematicalexpressionsintermsoftime-varyingcoefficientinsteadoftraditionalpolyphasede-compositioncounterparts.ThemappingpropertiescanbereadilyusedtoefficientlyanalyzeandsynthesizeMDmultiratefilters.
简介:Thispaperpresentsahandheld3Dvision-basedscannerforsmallobjectsbyusingKinect.Itisdifferentfromthepreviouscolor-glove-basedapproacheswhichrequiresegmentingthetargetobject.First,weeliminatethenoisesandtheoutlierscausedbyholdinghands.Second,weapplyKinect-fusionalgorithmandtruncatedsigneddistancefunction(TSDF)torepresent3Dsurfaces.Third,weproposeamodifiedintegrationstrategytoeliminatethehandeffect.Fourth,wetakeadvantageoftheparallelcomputationofGPUsforreal-timeoperation.Themajorcontributionsofthispaperare(1)theregistrationprecisionisimproved,(2)theofflineamendmentandloopclosureoperationarenotrequired,and(3)concave3Dobjectreconstructionisfeasible.IndexTermsHandheld3Dscanning,Kinect-fusion,Truncatedsigneddistancefunction(TSDF).1.IntroductionRecently,thesensor-based3Dmodelreconstructionmethodshavebeenproposed[1].Thesensordeviceshavedifferentpropertiessothatthe3Dreconstructionalgorithmsvaryaccordingly.Thecommonlyusedsensordevicesaretime-of-flight(ToF)cameras[2]-[4],laserscanners[5],andstructuredlightscanners[6],[7].Lasershavegainedareputationforaccuracy;however,caremustbetakentouseeye-safelaserswhenoperatinginproximitytohumans.Foraninteractivesystem,thestructuredlightscannerwhichisbasicallyapassivevision-basedsensordeviceissuperiorbecauseitprovidesa2DdepthimageperframeandismoreaccuratethanthatofaToFcamera.Here,wepresentareal-time3DscannerusingthedepthimagescapturedbyKinect.
简介:Satisfactoryresultscannotbeobtainedwhenthreedimensional(3D)targetswithcomplexmaneuveringcharacteristicsaretrackedbythecommonlyusedtwo-dimensionalcoordinatedturn(2DCT)model.Toaddresstheproblemof3Dtargettrackingwithstrongmaneuverability,onthebasisofthemodifiedthree-dimensionalvariableturn(3DVT)model,anadaptivetrackingalgorithmisproposedbycombiningwiththecubatureKalmanfilter(CKF)inthispaper.Throughideologyofreal-timeidentification,theparametersofthemodelarechangedtoadjustthestatetransitionmatrixandthestatenoisecovariancematrix.Therefore,statesofthetargetarematchedinreal-timetoachievethepurposeofadaptivetracking.Finally,foursimulationsareanalyzedindifferentsettingsbytheMonteCarlomethod.Allresultsshowthattheproposedalgorithmcanupdateparametersofthemodelandidentifymotioncharacteristicsinreal-timewhentargetstrackingalsohasabettertrackingaccuracy.