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简介：在土壤外壳开发的降雨事件运动的影响经由实验室实验和基于物理的水文学反应模拟被调查。流量和土壤水内容数据被分析以便在许多降水条件下面学习不同外壳的开发时期。当一个稳定的状态，能被雨点影响的一个扩大时期打破，被发现为外壳并且，随后存在时，结果证明显著地改变的外壳的形成玷污浸透的水力的电导率(K)和流量流量特征。在K的减少为下游动人的事件象86%一样高，并且72%为在上游动人的事件，说明降雨运动的方向比降雨紧张和持续时间在外壳形成上有更重要的影响。同样下游动人的降雨事件可以比那些移动有更大的效果在上游，在雨点影响前的一个depositional外壳的发展可以在决定最后的K价值起一个重要作用。

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简介：在这份报纸，我们基于一般一个维的morphodynamic模型执行理论分析让河以便显示出一条河的词法平衡怎么走水路被影响并且沿着河的沉积转向/供应。分析的结果沿着更低的黄河证明大规模浇消遣，象那些一样，能引起凸的河床侧面的发展在长期。免职将沿着河的整个活动范围发生，与增加的免职深度从对下游在上游。河床的斜坡增加从对在上游下游。而且，词法时间规模上的分析证明在更低的黄河的这开发将花一时间大概到世纪的十年的时期。分析的结果与在更低的黄河的观察相比。自从1980年代的后半部，从黄河的大规模水消遣一直在发生。观察证明这确实沿着河导致了重要沉积。

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简介：SedimentsupplytothelowerJingjiangRiverwillbesubjecttosubstantialreductionaftertheimpoundmentoftheThreeGorgesReservoir,whichcouldresultinanexcessofcarryingcapacityandseriousbankerosionsinthedownstreamalluvialchannel,threateningthebankprotectionworksandthesafetyoftheJingjiangDyke.ThispaperpresentsasummaryofresearchworksconcerningthefluvialprocessesinthelowerJingjiangRiverandthepossibleimpactoftheThreeGorgesReservoirimpoundmentonthevariationofitschannelpattern.Threedifferentpredictionshavebeenputforwardbyresearchers:1)theJingjiangRiverwillevolvetowardsamoresinuous,meanderingchannelpattern,withextensivebankerosiontakingplacealongtheriver;2)theriverchannelwillbestraightenedandbroadenedbecausenopointbarcanbeformedduetoreducedsedimentsupplywhilebankerosiondevelopsintheconcavebank,and3)thisriverreachwillmaintainitspresentchannelpatternwithoutsignificantchange,althoughthesinuositymaybeslightlyreduced,since:a)theThreeGorgesReservoirmainlyinterceptsedimentparticleswithsizeslargerthan0.025mm,andb)thecomplexinteractionbetweentheYangtzeRiverandtheDongtingLakehelpstoreducethenegativeeffectofchannelerosionthroughcertainself-adjustingmechanisminfluvialprocesses.DiscrepancybetweenthesepredictionsshowsthatfurtherresearcheffortsareneededtounderstandtheimpactofThreeGorgesReservoiroperationonthedownstreamfluvialprocesses.Meanwhile,thereisanurgentneedtocloselymonitorfuturedevelopmentinthefluvialprocessesoftheJingjiangRiveranditsinfluenceonthesafetyoftheJingjiangDykes.

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简介：Thispaperhighlightspasteffortsindevelopingerosionprocessconceptsthatleadtothedevelopmentofthecurrentprocess-basederosionpredictionmodel,i.e.,WEPP.Recentprogressincludesthedevelopmentofamultiple-boxsystemthatcansimulatehillslopehydrologicconditions.Laboratoryproceduresenablethequantificationofnear-surfacehydrologiceffects,i.e.,artesianseepagevs.drainage,onthesoilerosionprocessandsedimentregime,flowhydraulics,andsedimenttransportanddepositionprocesses.Theserecentfindingsimprovesoilerosionscienceandprovidenewerosioncontrolstrategiesthatmayhaveadditionalenvironmentalbenefitsrelativetothetraditionalerosioncontrolpractices.Thepaperalsodiscussesthepotentialimpactsoftheerosionprocessonerosionmodeldevelopmentandfutureresearchdirectionsofsoilerosionprocessresearchandmodeldevelopment.

简介：ThisstudyverifiestheapplicabilityofEPICmodelforanerosionplot(61.2m2)andanuplandterracedwatershed(72ha)usingatotalof94rainfalleventsoverastudyperiodoftwoyears.Inordertoanalyzetheeffectofstormsizeonrunoffandsoillossprocesses,rainfalleventsaredividedintothreegroups:small(＜25mm),moderate(25-50mm)andlarge(＞50mm).Resultsindicatethatthemodelcouldpredictreasonablywelltherunoffandsoillossfromtheerosionplotandthewatershedforthemoderateandlargerainfallevents.However,therunoffandsoillosspredictionforthesmallrainfalleventsisfoundtobepoor.Onannualbasis,bothsurfacerunoffandsoillosspredictionsmatchwelltheobservations.Inlightoftheimportanceofthemoderateandlargerainfalleventsinproducingmostoftheannualrunoffandsoillossinthestudyarea,theEPICmodelisappliedtoassesstheimpactsoferosiononagriculturalproductivityandtoevaluatemanagementpracticestoprotectwatershedsinthemiddlemountainousareaofNepal.

简介：TheThreeGorgesProject(TGP)isaworldknownprojecttoutilizeandmanagethewaterresourcesoftheYangtzeRiver.Thereservoirstoreswaterattheendofthefloodseason,andreplenishesdownstreamreacheswithwaterindryseasons.Inadditiontosuchbenefits,theTGPhasirreversiblychangedthehydrologicalprocessandtheriver-lakerelationofthemiddleandlowerreaches.Inthispaper,ahydrodynamicmodelwasestablishedtoquantifytheimpactoftheTGP'soperationonthewaterexchangebetweenDongtingLakeandtheYangtzeRiverduring2009–2013.Theresultsindicatedthat:theoperationoftheTGPhasconsiderablyreducedthepeakdischargeandthefloodvolumeofthemainstreamandtheDongtingLakearea.TheinflowvolumefromtheYangtzeRivertoDongtingLakeviathreeoutletsdecreasedby1.9–3.5billionm3/yr,whiletheoutflowvolumefromDongtingLaketotheYangtzeRiveratChenglingjiincreasedby0.3–1.6billionm3inSeptemberand0.4–0.6billionm3inOctober,respectively.Thisresearchprovidesvaluableinformationforfloodcontrol,irrigation,andwaterallocationinthemiddleandlowerreachesoftheYangtzeRiver,andservesasatypicalcaseforinvestigatingtheimpactofotherhydropowerprojectsaroundtheworld.&2017InternationalResearchandTrainingCentreonErosionandSedimentation/theWorldAssociationforSedimentationandErosionResearch.PublishedbyElsevierB.V.Allrightsreserved.